Production of 3He in rocks by reactions induced by particles of the nuclear-active and muon components of cosmic rays: Geological and petrological implications


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The paper presents data on the production of the 3He nuclide in rocks under the effect of cosmicray particles. The origin of the nuclide in the ground in neutronand proton-induced spallation reactions, reactions induced by high-energy muons, and negative muon capture reactions is analyzed. The cross sections of reactions producing 3He and 3H are calculated by means of numerical simulations with the GEANT4 simulation toolkit. The production rate of the 3He nuclide in the ground is evaluated for the average level of solar activity at high geomagnetic latitudes and at sea level. It is proved that the production of 3He in nearsurface ground layers by spallation reactions induced by cosmic-ray protons may be approximately 20% of the total production rate of cosmogenic 3He. At depths of 10–50 m.w.e., the accumulation of 3He is significantly contributed by reactions induced by cosmic-ray muons. Data presented in the paper make it possible to calculate the accumulation rate of 3He in a rock depending on depth that is necessary for the evaluation of the exposure time of the magmatic or metamorphic complex on the Earth’s surface (3He dating).

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A. Nesterenok

Ioffe Physical–Technical Institute

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: alex-n10@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021

O. Yakubovich

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology; St. Petersburg State University

Email: alex-n10@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, nab. Makarova 2, St. Petersburg, 199034; Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034

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