Новые мишени и нанотераностика в терапии ревматоидного артрита: литературный обзор
- Авторы: Сухов А.А.1, Чубарев В.Н.1
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Учреждения:
- Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова
- Выпуск: Том 31, № 6 (2025)
- Страницы: 557-567
- Раздел: Научные обзоры
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0869-2106/article/view/375537
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf680779
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SBCIYG
- ID: 375537
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Аннотация
Ревматоидный артрит (РА) — тяжёлое хроническое заболевание, поражающее суставы. Оно связано с аутоиммунным дисбалансом и воспалением в синовии. Несмотря на использование биологических препаратов, значительная часть пациентов остаётся рефрактерной к стандартной терапии. В связи с этим особый интерес представляет разработка моноклональных антител с принципиально новыми мишенями, а также использование потенциала нанотераностики для повышения эффективности и селективности терапии.
В обзоре критически рассмотрены перспективные мишени для будущего лечения на основе моноклональных антител: интерферон гамма; гранулоцитарно-макрофагальный колониестимулирующий фактор; интерлейкин 7 рецептора альфа; липаза, стимулированная солями желчных кислот; рецептор программируемой клеточной смерти 1 — и оценить нанотераностический подход в качестве метода улучшения лечения РА.
Новые моноклональные антитела против эффекторов воспаления, включая эмапалумаб, отилимаб, OSE-127, SOL-116 и пересолимаб (peresolimab), могут уменьшить прогрессирование РА и увеличить шансы на благоприятный исход. Однако неспецифичность моноклональных антител по отношению к аутореактивным клеткам может привести к серьёзным побочным эффектам, и данное обстоятельство требует рассмотрения более совершенных подходов, таких как нанотераностика. Современные тенденции в терапии РА указывают на растущую частоту использования наноматериалов, в частности липосом, доставляемых с помощью моноклональных антител. Повышение эффективности такой комбинации могут обеспечить инкапсулированные в липосому препараты, такие как малые некодирующие молекулы рибонуклеиновой кислоты, которые способны подавлять специфические гены, ответственные за развитие и персистенцию РА. Целевая локализация и интернализация содержимого липосом может быть активирована физическими факторами, включая инфракрасное излучение и ультразвук, или же реализована нацеливанием на клеточные рецепторы, которые сверхэкспрессированы на аутореактивных клетках и способны к интернализации в клеточный компартмент.
Интеграция моноклональных антител с наноматериалами в качестве носителей лекарственных препаратов представляет собой перспективное направление в терапии РА, обеспечивая более высокую селективность, безопасность и потенциал для персонализированного подхода. Дальнейшее развитие данных стратегий способно существенно улучшить прогноз и качество жизни пациентов, устойчивых к традиционным методам лечения.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
Александр Александрович Сухов
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова
Email: a.suhov2003@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-7450-9213
Россия, Москва
Владимир Николаевич Чубарев
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: chubarev_v_n@staff.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7047-1436
SPIN-код: 6320-7369
д-р мед. наук, профессор
Россия, МоскваСписок литературы
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