卷 25, 编号 3 (2019)
- 年: 2019
- 文章: 10
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0869-2106/issue/view/2653
Articles
THE VACCINE HESITANCY - THE NEW PLAGUE OF THE 21ST CENTURY
摘要
For the first time in 2019, the World health organization (WHO) anked non-vaccination among the top 10 threats to humanity. Immunprevention, initiated by E. Jenner in 1796, became one of the greatest achievements of medicine, which nowadays annually prevents up to 3 million human deaths. Despite this fact, in recent years, society is increasing anti-vaccination sentiment, frequent cases of refusal of vaccination. The population’s attitude to vaccination has been analyzed and the main reasons for its rejection have been identified. By means of anonymous online survey the study involved 954 participant in the age range from 18 to 70 years. Participants have different levels of education, live throughout Russia and make decisions for themselves and for children in the matter of vaccination. The widespread lack of information about the purpose of the vaccination, its complications and the vaccine controlled infection have been indicated. Actually, mothers are most vulnerable to doubts about their children’s vaccination - 115 women give up all vaccinations. Many respondents (59 respondents) point to distrust of doctors as a reason for refusal of vaccination. More over, adults are not aware of the need for revaccination at all. There are a significant lack of health education and public distrust of health workers. Finally, methods to increase the population’s commitment to vaccination have been developed, aimed to overcome unfounded fears about vaccination and to improve the status of health workers.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):138-142
138-142
STUDYING OF LONG-TERM RESULTS OF PREVENTION HELP TO PATIENTS OF WORKING AGE WITH PARTICIPATION OF ТНЕ NURSING STAFF
摘要
The RF currently work a nurse can be considered as a new type of professional activity of medical, psychological, pedagogical and socio-legal nature, the purpose of which is to the preservation, enhancement and restoration of the health of patients. Purpose - the study received remote results of preventive nursing activities among working-age patients with arterial hypertension. Material and methods. Studied the results of observation and questioning students hypertensive patients aged 35-65 years in school prevention patients with arterial hypertension. The results. Researched group of patients with arterial hypertension (AH), among which were training classes on prophylaxis of recurrence and complications of AH on healthy lifestyle programme using the nursing process and without it and shows the efficiency of these activities. Conclusion. The use of educational technology training “Nursing process” showed their effective influence on enhancing treatment and prevention of the occurrence of relapses and complications in patients with AH.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):143-145
143-145
THE RESULTS OF HIP REPLACEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES TYPE 2
摘要
It performed the analysis of the literature data on the peculiarities of the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the endoprosthesis replacement of the steep joints in patients with diabetes mellitus outcomes. Reviewed the risk factors for complications of endoprosthetics, it is shown that in patients with diabetes mellitus operations on the hip joints are associated with higher rates of postoperative infection, the need for blood transfusion, the development of pneumonia and urinary tract infections, and increased hospital stays and higher rates nosocomial mortality. It was noted that in the course of making a decision on the performance of arthroplasty, surgical risk should be assessed for patients with diabetes, taking into account the possible complications of diabetes and the presence of other associated diseases. The basic principles of preoperative preparation, peri-and postoperative management of this cohort of patients are characterized.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):146-150
146-150
THE DYNAMICS OF MARKERS OF FIBROSIS WITH THE FEATURES OF METABOLIC PHENOTYPES IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
摘要
The features of the dynamics of serum markers of fibrosis, myocardial remodeling and progression of chronic insufficiency: C-terminal propeptide procollagen type I (PICP) and N-terminal propeptide procollagen type III (PIIINP) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were evaluated taking into account the peculiarities of the metabolic phenotype of patients. The study included 83 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% of 120 patients admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Depending on the metabolic phenotype, the patients were divided into two groups: a group of 23 patients with normal body weight and a group of 60 patients with overweight and obesity of varying severity. The results indicate the relationship of serum markers of fibrosis of the myocardium with echocardiogram indicators, and myocardial remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation. Isolation of patients with normal weight showed a general tendency to reduce the concentration of fibrosis markers regardless of the duration of the disease. The reverse trend allowed us to observe the selection of a group of patients with overweight or obesity. The obtained significant correlation between markers of myocardial fibrosis, data, echocardiogram, and anamnesis.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):151-157
151-157
THE EVALUATION OF FOLATE STATUS USING TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
摘要
A large number of studies have established a link between the progression of arterial hypertension (AH) and folic acid (FA) deficiency. Due to the deficiency of FA, an increase in the level of total homocysteine (tHcy) is observed. The cut-off point for total homocysteine (tHcy), which is not associated with the toxic effect of Hcy itself, indicating the increase in FA deficient state, has not been clearly defined to date. The purpose of this work was to assess the cutoff value of tHcy applied to assesment of functional FA deficiency in hypertensive patients, including group with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Material and methods. The study included blood samples from 60 hypertensive patients aged 61 (45-70) without (N=31) and with (N=29) diagnosed kidney disease and also samples from 30 healthy donors. Clinical and biochemical data, including tHcy, FA and vitamin B12 of blood plasma were assessed. Results and conclusion. Hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with CKD was significantly higher than in patients without CKD. The level of tHcy in all patients was inversely correlated with the level of FA in the blood plasma. Some patients without a deficiency of FA and B12 had an increased level of tHcy, which indicated a functional deficiency of FA. Another situation in few patients without functional deficiency of FA was observed, in which the decreased FA level without increasing level of tHcy established. Frequently used cutoff point for hyperhomocysteinemia above 15 μM indicates the starting point of tHcy concentrations associated with the toxic effects of Hcy by itself. To determine the functional deficiency of FA in the absence of its deficiency in the plasma, the cutoff level of tHcy from 10.9 µM should be used.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):158-165
158-165
POTENTIAL FOR RESTORATIVE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME WITH THE USE OF OSTEOPATHY AND SHOCKWAVE THERAPY
摘要
Introduction. Complex investigation of rehabilitation treatment possibilities in patients with Myofascial pain syndrome using osteopathy and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) remains a very actual problem. Materials and methods. 120 patients with myofascial pain syndrome at the age of 49,65±0,89 years old were investigated. The average duration of the disease - 2,29±0,18 years. Results. Combination of standard therapy with osteopathic treatments and ESWT decreases severity of Myofascial pain syndrome measured with five-point vertebro-neurological symptoms scale after 12 months of observations for 59,2%. Standard therapy together with osteopathic treatment reduces severity of Myofascial pain syndrome for 43,3%. Standard therapy together with ESWT reduces severity of Myofascial pain syndrome for 34,2%. Standard therapy alone reduces severity of Myofascial pain syndrome for 31,6%. Dynamic of Visual analogue scale pain parameters was 77,1%, 62,2%, 52,8% and 30,9%, that was accompanied by The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) average values decrease by 92,4%, 75,9%, 66,8% and 39,9%, respectively. Severity of Visual analogue scale symptoms were directly proportional to the parameters of IMS (r=0,231) and ODI (r=0,379), whereas the symptoms severity reduction level in this scale has strong correlation with the level of IMS scale dynamics (r=0,85). Conclusion. When forming the rehabilitation treatment Protocol of patients with myofascial pain syndrome using osteopathy and shock wave therapy one should consider that according to the 12-month prospective observation, it is the combination of these methods that shows the most positive effect on the severity of myofascial pain syndrome, measured with VAS scale, five-point vertebro-neurological symptoms evaluation scale and osvestri questionnaire.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):166-171
166-171
EVALUATION OF BONE TISSUE REGENERATION USING A COMBINATION OF AUTOLOGOUS FIBRIN MATRIX WITH PRE-DIFFERENTIATED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL
摘要
Introduction. According to domestic and foreign authors, the frequency of damage to the mandible bone is 36-84% of all damage to the bones of the facial skeleton. Since A.Y. Friedenstein made a key contribution to the study of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), their analysis, types, methods of isolation and use in various combinations with materials, allowed to expand the boundaries of regenerative medicine. Aim of the study. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the regenerative potential of cortical bone tissue in the region of the mandible angle, with the introduction of exogenous pre-differentiated MSC (MSCs) on the autologous fibrin matrix in the experiment. Material and methods. We carried out an experimental study on 27 rabbits of the Soviet Chinchilla breed. Animals were divided into 3 groups: A, B and control. The bone defect diameter of 6mm was formed in the angle of the mandible of all animals with a trepan. Groups A and B mandible defects were injected with autologous fibrin clot with pre-differentiated MSCs in the amount of 300 thousand and 1 million cells, respectively. Defect size was assessed after 8, 10 and 12 weeks. Results. At week 12 after surgery, in the experimental group B the size of the bone tissue defect was significantly reduced and amounted to 0.006022 ± 0.00135 mm3, while in the control group the defect volume was 0.05597 ± 0.00505 mm3, and in group A was 0.02235 ± 0.0056 mm3. In an experimental study, an improvement was obtained in the pathophysiological processes of bone tissue regeneration under conditions of a bicortical defect with minimal presence of spongy substance in the damage zone.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):172-175
172-175
MODELING DEPRESSION
摘要
The article provides an overview of common methods for modeling the depressive behavior of laboratory rats and mice. Information is presented from databases NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information), eLibrary, CyberLeninka. The classification of models is presented, the methods are compared by criteria of validity. The positive and negative sides of each of the methods of modeling depression are considered.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):176-180
176-180
THE EFFECT OF UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN ON LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF TISSUES AND PHARMACOKINETICS OF CEFOTAXIM
摘要
Over the past decades, methods of targeted delivery of drugs to target tissues through the lymphatic system have been intensively developed, which makes it possible to create and maintain adequate concentrations of drugs. It has special meaning and impotence during the therapy antibiotic therapy of infectious and inflammatory processes. In this regard, the experimental study of pharmacological properties of drugs that enhance lymphatic drainage of tissues and at the same time promote the transport of antibiotics into the lymphatic system has natural interest. We studied the effect of unfractionated heparin sodium on lymphatic flow rate in tissues, the level of the β-lactam antibiotic cefotaxime in rabbit and mouse blood plasma and its concentration in mouse liver and intestinal tissues in experiments. Heparin sodium proved to be effective in stimulating lymphatic flow and facilitating endolymphatic delivery of the antibiotic. The administration of cefotaxime after an injection of heparin sodium led to the increased concentration of the antibiotic in rabbit blood plasma at all time points of the study (in an hour and a half and in 3 hours, in four and a half hours and in 6 hours, in 8, 12 and 24 hours), as well as the increased antibiotic level in mouse blood plasma and intestinal tissue in an hour and a half and in 24 hours after the injection. The cefotaxime level in liver tissue did not change, while its concentration ratio between liver tissue and blood plasma was falling, which suggests that the hepatic extraction of cefotaxime decreased. Considering the obtained evidence, we can recommend the clinical use of heparin sodium in lymphotropic therapy to facilitate endolymphatic delivery.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):181-184
181-184
THE INTEGRATION OF DENTAL DETERMINANTS IN THE ACTIVE LONGEVITY PROGRAM
摘要
According to the World Health Organization, the elderly are the fastest-growing age group in the world. Scientists addressing the aging issue have put forward a theory of active longevity, based on improving the quality of life of the elderly. Most authors believe that the basis of a long life is an active and mobile lifestyle, a healthy diet, abstinence from bad habits, constant communication and affordable quality health care. Recently, in our country, government officials began to pay attention to the problems of longevity and improving the quality of life of senior and elderly people. The Government of Moscow adopted a decision of December 18, 2018 No. 1578-GO “On the implementation of the Moscow Longevity Project in the city of Moscow”, which provides for a permanent basis to create a system of organizing active leisure activities for senior citizens, expanding forms of social communications, further enhancing their life and longevity. Recent studies show that the quality of life of people in the elderly and senile age is closely related to their health and cannot be limited to biomedical parameters. It depends on an assessment of one’s life course, internal standards, and on effective social activity. Also, quality of life is correlated with factors such as the diet and nutrition quality, the ability to perform physical activities that help reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases and mortality. At the same time, the importance of dental health remains underestimated, despite the fact that healthy mouth organs and tissues are the main factors contributing to quality nutrition, performing an aesthetic role and serving as a symbol of a person’s well-being.
Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2019;25(3):185-190
185-190