Urinary tract infections in children: a review of current international guidelines
- Authors: Safina A.I.1, Paunova S.S.2, Daminova M.A.1
-
Affiliations:
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
- The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov
- Issue: Vol 30, No 6 (2024)
- Pages: 616-629
- Section: Reviews
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0869-2106/article/view/292638
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf635870
- ID: 292638
Cite item
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections in children, with the potential to impair renal function, particularly in toddlers who experience complications or recurrences.
The overview aim was to analyze all latest global clinical guidelines on UTIs in children for the period 2018 to 2024.
Up-to-date data on incidence of UTIs in children were analyzed by age and sex. The classification was presented, the main diagnostic challenges and the latest treatment and prevention approaches were discussed.
The overview of clinical UTI guidelines demonstrated that the disease should be suspected in all toddlers with temperature above 38 °C and no focus of infection. Empiric antibacterial therapy should be initiated within the first 24–48 h; oral antibiotics are more beneficial (III generation cephalosporins are more common nowadays); however, local antibacterial resistance should be considered. All current clinical guidelines highlight the growth of resistant pathogens and decrease of their susceptibility to inhibitor-protected penicillins. All guidelines recommend to consider a group at high risk of recurrence including children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), neurogenic bladder, constipation, and non-circumcised boys under 1 year of age, and to perform prompt imaging studies for these children. According to almost all global guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of UTI in children, long-term antibacterial prevention should be provided only if strictly indicated and considering risk factors, primarily in children with high and low-grade VUR.
Over the last years, many up-to-date global clinical guidelines on UTI in children have been developed. This overview of the most recent global guidelines on the disease over the past 7 years will help to use current expertise of pediatricians, pediatric nephrologists, and pediatric urologists in Russia.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Asiya I. Safina
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Email: safina_asia@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3261-1143
SPIN-code: 5470-3077
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowSvetlana S. Paunova
The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov
Email: ss_paunova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8046-2341
SPIN-code: 2865-1325
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowMaria A. Daminova
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Author for correspondence.
Email: daminova-maria@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6445-0893
SPIN-code: 6668-9918
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowReferences
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