Influence of Physical Activity on the Regulation of Iron Metabolism

Abstract

Intense physical activity has a significant effect on iron metabolism in the human organism. This paper is a review of world literature data focused on the mechanisms of iron metabolism regulation in the human organism, as well as the influence of intense exercise on these regulatory mechanisms. We have discussed the mechanisms of iron absorption and transport and the regulation of these processes under normal conditions. It has been found that intense exercise is accompanied by increased production of interleukin-6, a positive regulator of hepcidin production. Hepcidin, in turn, has an inhibitory effect on the expression of divalent metal transporter 1 and ferroportin, finally leading to both decreased iron absorption and iron sequestration in cells. All of the mentioned stages of iron deficiency development may be promising targets for correction of iron balance and working ability in patients exposed to intense physical activity.