Technologies of Nonlinear Stimulation: Role in the Treatment of Diseases of the Brain and the Potential Applications in Healthy Individuals

Abstract

In 2015, the theory was proposed that links the development and maintenance of the typical in norm complex structure of neural networks and the activity of the brain with the complexity of visual and other sensory environmental signals that affect the person during the life. Simplification of the temporal structure of environmental cues is associated with abnormal development and aging of the central nervous system. As well, the use of fractal optic stimulation and complex aperiodic stimuli of other modalities may enhance the effectiveness of strategies for a recovery in the structure and function of the retina and brain, including neurodegenerative pathology, by reactivation of neuroplasticity. In the spectrum of nonlinear stimulating therapy techniques, different variants of mono- and multimodal fractal stimulation should be used, as well as their combinations with white noise, music therapy, cognitive, and physical training. We believe that using of non-linear stimulation technologies in a healthy person may be important in a variety of situations that lead to the simplification of the networks and dynamics of the activity of the brain. Application of physiologically adequate nonlinear stimuli is promising to slow and prevent age-related cognitive impairment in the elderly, in rehabilitation and recovery programs for healthy individuals of certain professions associated with physical or psychological stress, and athletes.