Vol 52, No 5 (2018)

The statistical analysis of relationships between the composition, structure, and property characteristics of 63 test samples of coal from Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and countries outside the former Soviet Union was carried out. It was found that it is reasonable to separately predict the gross calorific value on a moist ash-free basis for the coals from Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and countries outside the former Soviet Union because of the different degrees of petrographic homogeneity of the test coals. Quantitative relationships were developed in order to forecast the gross calorific values on a moist ash-free basis with a required accuracy based on volatile matter, middle random vitrinite reflectance coefficient, and total fusainized components separately for Ukraine, the Russian Federation and countries outside the former Soviet Union.

The thermal dissolution of grade 1GZh coal in different commercial paste-forming agents—coking tar, an anthracene fraction of coking tar, heavy semicoking tar, and petroleum gas oil—was studied. It was established that the presence of polycondensed molecules with a low degree of substitution of aromatic rings and compounds with hydrogen-donor and solvating activity in the solvent facilitated the efficient occurrence of the thermal dissolution of coal at a low temperature of 380°C. The highest yields of soluble pitch-like product (78–85%) were obtained in the processes performed in the anthracene fraction of coking tar and coking tar.

The results of the experimental release of the test batches of fuel briquettes from carbon-containing products (waste coal and wood sawdust) are presented: by-product. The technical characteristics of fuel briquettes from the waste coals of different regions were determined. Data on the combustion of fuel briquettes from the test batches are given. The theoretical aspects of the formation of the structure and properties of fuel briquettes are considered. The practical significance of the production of fuel briquettes from the carboncontaining products as potential energy sources is demonstrated.

The results of studies on the determination of the effect of ozonization on the hydrofining of coal tar from the coal of the Shubarkol deposit are reported. It was established that preliminary ozonization for 60 min makes it possible to increase the total yield of liquid products by 44.8% in the subsequent catalytic hydrogenation conversion of tar (5 MPa, 450°C, and a pseudo-homogeneous Mo-containing catalyst) and to increase the yield of a fraction with boiling points to 180°C by 17.7%, as compared with their concentrations in the parent tar.

The results of the catalytic hydroconversion of oil shale pyrolysis tar in the presence of in situ and ex situ synthesized ultradispersed and nanosized MoS₂ particles in a flow reactor at a hydrogen pressure of 7MPa, a temperature of 430–450°C, a feed space velocity of 1–2.9 h^–1, and an H₂/feed flow ratio of 1000 L(NTP)/L with and without recycling the unconverted residue are reported. The optimum conditions of hydroconversion under which the yield of distillate fractions was 91.9 wt % on a raw material basis are proposed. It is shown that the quality of the refined synthetic oil makes it possible to use it in traditional petrochemical processes.