Parameters of the feeder of the rotary manure heap spreader

BACKGROUND: Organic fertilizers play an important role in agriculture, contributing to increasing soil fertility, maintaining nutrient balance and protecting the environment. Their application will allow agriculture to achieve high growth, as well as preserve natural resources for the next generation. Organic fertilizers are becoming an integral part of agricultural practices, and also contribute to the local transition to sustainable agricultural development. The development of new principles and methods of applying organic fertilizers, taking into account the state of soil fertility and the size of sites located on various terrains, is one of the most important tasks. To reduce the energy intensity of the process and increase the uniformity of the distribution of organic fertilizers in small-scale fields, we propose to use a heap spreader without forming a roll.

AIM: Determination of the structural and kinematic parameters of the blade feeder of a machine with a rotary working body for spreading manure from heaps, allowing to ensure maximum possible productivity and uniformity of application in specific conditions.

METHODS: To reduce the energy intensity of the process, when introducing the working bodies of the spreader into the caked fertilizer pile, it is possible to use a feeder–shredder installed in front of the rotor of the thrower. The rotary spreader feeder was chosen as the object of the study. The theoretical studies were carried out using the methods of classical mechanics. Experimental studies were carried out on the basis of the optimization and simulation method. The experimental results were processed using the Microsoft Office Exeel 2013 program.

RESULTS: In this paper, the main relationships between the design and kinematic parameters of the rotary spreader feeder are obtained when applying manure from heaps, taking into account its technological properties. To improve the performance of the feeder, it is necessary to increase the pitch of the screw line of the screw, which in turn also leads to a decrease in metal consumption. Studies have shown that optimal feed can be obtained when the pitch of the feeder screw is equal h_в = 2 ∙ D₂. The data were obtained for the feeder screw with a diameter of D₂ = 350 mm. At the rotation frequency of the feeder 200...500 rpm there is a sharp increase in power for its drive.

CONCLUSION: The main parameters of the vane feeder are determined. An increase in the number of revolutions of the feeder leads to an increase in its productivity and an increase in the power for its drive.