Computational and experimental studies of vibration-protective properties of a pneumatic wheel of the MTZ-82 BELARUS tractor with external spring-hydraulic mini-suspension

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently used in various sectors of the national economy, numerous wheeled suspensionless vehicles on pneumatic tires have a low level of vibration protection of the frame and limited cross-country ability. Therefore, the development and study of the design characteristics of a pneumatic wheel with increased elastic-damping properties and cross-country ability is a relevant technical problem.

AIM: Development of the design and study the vibration-protective properties of a pneumatic wheel with an external spring-hydraulic mini-suspension to improve the ride smoothness and cross-country ability of large-sized suspensionless vehicles.

METHODS: A description of the design of a wheel with mini-suspension and a support roller is presented. The wheel modeling was carried out in the PascalABC software, which takes into account the nonlinearity of the total force of the pneumatic tire and the spring-hydraulic mini-suspension, which is installed parallel to the tire at an angle to the vertical axis of the wheel. The test method consisted of comparison of free and forced vibrations of the rear pneumatic wheel of the MTZ-82 BELARUS tractor with a 400-965/15.5-38 tire, which operated without and with mini-suspension at a vertical load of 0.6 tons and various excessive pressure in the tire.

RESULTS: The results of computational and experimental studies show that if the tire is radially compressed by 75 mm, the excess pressure inside the pneumatic wheel almost does not change, and if the pressure in the tire decreases from 1.6 to 0.4 bar, the resonant vibration frequency of the standard wheel axle decreases by 25%, while the dynamic coefficient remains unacceptably high (more than 5), leading to the tire breakaway from the supporting surface. Installing a mini-suspension parallel to the wheel in the form of a spring-hydraulic shock-absorbing strut leads to an increase in the resonant frequency by 1 Hz, however, the resonant peaks are reduced by almost 3 times to a dynamic coefficient of 2.5...2, which significantly increases the ride smoothness of suspensionless vehicles and reduces the likelihood of wheel breakaway from the supporting surface.

CONCLUSION: It was found with the studies that the proposed wheel with a mini-suspension as a spring-hydraulic strut and a support roller has a relatively simple design, ensures high vibration-protective properties with small amplitudes of kinematic disturbance and can be used to improve the ride smoothness and cross-country ability of wheeled suspensionless vehicles.

About the authors

Vyacheslav V. Novikov

Volgograd State Technical University

Email: nvv_60@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0917-781X
SPIN-code: 5698-1330

Professor, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Professor of the Automatic Units Department

Russian Federation, 28 Lenin avenue, 400005 Volgograd

Alexey V. Pozdeev

Volgograd State Technical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: pozdeev.vstu@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3144-3619
SPIN-code: 5559-5294

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor of the Automatic Units Department

Russian Federation, 28 Lenin avenue, 400005 Volgograd

Dmitry A. Chumakov

Volgograd State Technical University

Email: chda1991@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3958-128X
SPIN-code: 4856-4448

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Engineer of the Automatic Units Department

Russian Federation, 28 Lenin avenue, 400005 Volgograd

Nikolay M. Kolesov

Volgograd State Technical University

Email: kolesov.nikolay2017@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-2377-5863
SPIN-code: 3653-6177

Postgraduate of the Automatic Units Department

Russian Federation, Volgograd

Nikolay V. Timoshin

Volgograd State Technical University

Email: titan_34rus@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-6890-2854
SPIN-code: 2327-9267

Postgraduate of the Automatic Units Department

Russian Federation, 28 Lenin avenue, 400005 Volgograd

Timofey A. Kagochkin

Volgograd State Technical University

Email: tkagochkin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-8944-1175
SPIN-code: 2758-8598

Student of the Automatic Units Department

Russian Federation, 28 Lenin avenue, 400005 Volgograd

Valeriya E. Skribunova

Volgograd State Technical University

Email: sswwaattxx@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-2338-6941
SPIN-code: 8056-3510

Student of the Automatic Units Department

Russian Federation, 28 Lenin avenue, 400005 Volgograd

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. The pneumatic wheel with external spring-hydraulic mini-suspension and a single support roller according to the Patent RU 2770032: 1 — a wheel hub; 2 — a rim; 3 — a pneumatic tire; 4 — a beam; 5, 6 — eye ends; 7 — an axle of a sprung arm; 8 — the sprung guide arm; 9 — the support roller; 10 — a hydraulic damper; 11 — a spring; 12 — an axle of the hydraulic damper; 13 — a bumpstop; 14 — a band; 15 — a side clamps; 16, 17 — internal circular fillets; 18 — rubber belts.

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3. Fig. 2. An analytical model of the inclined spring-hydraulic mini-suspension: x — tire deformation; y — spring deformation; c, e — constants; l, d — current coordinates of the point N; α — inclination angle of the spring axis to the horizontal; Рпр — spring force along the axis y; P(x) — spring force along the axis x.

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4. Fig. 3. Stiffness curves of the pneumatic wheel with the spring-hydraulic mini-suspension at the inclination angle α = 55°: 1 — elastic force of the tire of the proposed wheel; 2 — vertical force of the mini-suspension at the sprung support roller; 3 — total elastic force of the proposed wheel; 4 — elastic force of a pneumatic tire of a normal wheel; Рст and hст — force and deformation of the wheel tire under static load; Рст.пш and Рст.мп — elastic force of the tire of the proposed wheel and vertical force of the mini-suspension at the sprung roller under static load.

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5. Fig. 4. An analytical model of the pneumatic wheel with the mini-suspension: М — the sprung mass (mass of a wheel and a tractor frame’s part); G — load at the wheel axis; P and R — spring force and damping force normalized to the vertical axis; Pш — tire elastic force; Rш — tire non-elastic resistance force; спр and r — spring stiffness and damper resistance coefficient; сш — tire stiffness; rш — tire resistance coefficient; q — uneven road profile; z — vertical displacement of the wheel axis.

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6. Fig. 5. Calculated stiffness curves of the pneumatic wheel with the spring-hydraulic mini-suspension at the inclination angle α = 55° and the static load of 6 kN: 1 — tire; 2 — mini-suspension; 3 — total stiffness curve of the whole wheel; Pст — static wheel load; hст — static tire deformation.

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7. Fig. 6. Calculated response curves of vertical oscillations of axis of a normal pneumatic wheel at load on a tire of 0.6 tons: 1 — displacement; 2 — velocity; 3 — acceleration; a0 — acceleration amplitude.

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8. Fig. 7. Calculated response curves of vertical oscillations of axis of the pneumatic wheel with the spring-hydraulic mini-suspension at load on a tire of 0.6 tons: 1 — displacement; 2 — velocity; 3— acceleration; a0 — acceleration amplitude.

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9. Fig. 8. Installation of the pneumatic wheel with the spring-hydraulic mini-suspension on the dynamic hydropulsating bench: 1 — the pneumatic wheel of the MTZ-82 tractor’s rear axle; 2 — the spring-damper mini-suspension with the support roller; 3 — a movable table with weights.

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10. Fig. 9. Stiffness curves and pressure change in the pneumatic wheel’s tire depending on tire deformation δ at the static load of 6 kN and various excessive pressure р: 1…4 — stiffness curves; 1’…4’ — dependence curves of excessive tire pressure on tire deformation; 1, 1’ — p = 0.4 bar; 2, 2’ — p = 0.8 bar; 3, 3’ — p = 1.2 bar; 4, 4’ — p = 1.6 bar.

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11. Fig. 10. Dependence curves of deflection of the 400-965/15.5-38 tire on excessive pressure: 1 — without the mini-suspension; 2 — with the mini-suspension.

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12. Fig. 11. Experimental oscillograph charts of free-decaying oscillations of the normal pneumatic wheel of the MTZ-82 tractor’s rear axle at the rebound to 50 mm: 1 — р = 0.4 bar; 2 — р = 0.8 bar; 3 — р = 1.2 bar; 4 — р = 1.6 bar.

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13. Fig. 12. Experimental oscillograph charts of free-decaying oscillations of the wheel of the MTZ-82 tractor’s rear axle with the spring-hydraulic mini-suspension at the rebound to 50 mm: 1 — p = 0.4 bar; 2 — p = 0.8 bar; 3 — p = 1.2 bar; 4 — p = 1.6 bar.

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14. Fig. 13. Experimental response curves of vertical oscillation ranges of the axis of the normal pneumatic wheel of the MTZ-82 tractor’s rear axle at the vertical load of 6 kN and various excessive pressure in the 400-965/15.5-38 tire: 1 — p = 0.4 bar; 2 — p = 0.8 bar; 3 — p = 1.6 bar.

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15. Fig. 14. Experimental response curves of vertical oscillation ranges of the axis of the pneumatic wheel of the MTZ-82 tractor’s rear axle with the spring-hydraulic mini-suspension at the vertical load of 6 kN and various excessive pressure in the 400-965/15.5-38 tire: 1 — p = 0.4 bar; 2 — p = 0.8 bar; 3 — p = 1.6 bar.

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