Anthropogenic and climatic factors of the current ecological state of water resources in the central forest-steppe of the russian plain (on the example of the Belgorod region)

Approaches to regional hydroecological analysis are proposed, taking into account the relationship between surface and groundwater. Using the example of the Belgorod region, the features of the formation of surface and underground runoff resources in changing climatic and economic conditions in the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Plain are revealed. Trends in the use of water resources have been established. The impact of wastewater, runoff from urbanized territories and arable lands on them is estimated. It is shown that a very important hydrological and ecological role is played by changing climatic conditions, primarily an increase in air temperature. The changes in recent years (from 2008 to 2021) of river flow, its surface and underground components have been established, their positive and negative consequences have been revealed. Groundwater resources, which have not been fully developed, serve as an important reserve for providing high-quality water to the population. To improve the ecological condition of water bodies, it is very important to improve the wastewater treatment system, create monitoring of pollution of water bodies from diffuse sources and reduce irretrievable water losses during its use.