Opportunities of complex analysis in single-cell RNA sequencing

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Abstract

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a revolutionary tool for studying the physiology of normal and pathologically altered tissues. This approach provides information about the molecular features (gene expression, mutations, chromatin accessibility, etc.) of cells, opens up the possibility to analyze cell differentiation trajectories/phylogeny and cell-cell interactions and allows discovering new cell types and previously unexplored processes. From a clinical point of view, scRNA-seq allows a deeper and more detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms of various diseases and serves as the basis for the development of new preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. This review describes the different approaches to analysis of scRNA-seq data, reviews the strengths and weaknesses of bioinformatic tools, provides recommendations and examples of their successful use and suggests potential directions for improvement. It also emphasizes the need to create new, including multi-omics, protocols for the preparation of DNA/RNA libraries of single cells in order to obtain a more complete and systematic understanding of each cell.

About the authors

A. A Khozyainova

Cancer Research Institute Tomsk NRMC

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
634050 Tomsk, Russia

A. A Valyaeva

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
119991 Moscow, Russia

M. S Arbatsky

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
119991 Moscow, Russia

S. V Isaev

Research Institute of Personalized Medicine, National Center for Personalized Medicine of Endocrine Diseases, The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology;Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
117036 Moscow, Russia;115184 Dolgoprudny, Russia

P. S Iamshchikov

Cancer Research Institute Tomsk NRMC;National Research Tomsk State University

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
634050 Tomsk, Russia;634050 Tomsk, Russia

E. V Volchkov

Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
117198 Moscow, Russia

M. S Sabirov

Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
119334 Moscow, Russia

V. R Zainullina

Cancer Research Institute Tomsk NRMC

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
634050 Tomsk, Russia

V. I Chechekhin

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: khozyainova@onco.tnimc.ru
119991 Moscow, Russia

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