Spatial distribution of the diatoms Dactyliosolen fragilissimus and Cerataulina pelagica in the autumn phytoplankton of the South-Eastern Baltic in 2020–2021

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Abstract

The mass development of diatom Dactyliosolen fragilissimus and Cerataulina pelagica, which are atypical of the South-East Baltic Sea water area, were registered along the Sambia peninsula coastline in the mid of October 2020. Both species were found in the coastal zone of the western and northern coast of the Sambia peninsula to a depth of 32 m, from the Baltic Strait to port Pionerskiy. In early November 2021 a mass vegetation of C. pelagica was recorded –both in the shallow coastal zone of the northern coast of the Sambia peninsula and in the deep water zone of the South-Eastern Baltic Sea. The biomass of this species reached 2.8 g/m3. Both diatom species were abundant within the entire Russian Exclusive Economic Zone. The prevailing hydrological situation during the study period probably facilitated penetration of the species into the study area by surface transport from the Arkona Basin.

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About the authors

А. S. Melnik

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: AnastassizaHabar@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

О. А. Dmitrieva

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography “VNIRO”

Email: phytob@yandex.ru

Atlantic branch of VNIRO 

Russian Federation, Moscow; Kaliningrad

Е. Е. Eshova

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: AnastassizaHabar@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

А. Y. Sharton

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: AnastassizaHabar@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

А. А. Kondrashov

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: AnastassizaHabar@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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2. Fig. 1. Location of sampling stations: a — western coast of the Sambian Peninsula, southeastern part of the Baltic Sea, October 2020, b — exclusive economic zone of Russia, October–November 2021 — station numbers.

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3. Fig. 2. Spatial structure of current fields in the surface water layer in the central and southeastern parts of the Baltic Sea: a — 23.10.2021, b — 30.10.2021, c — 12.10.2020, d — 15.10.2020 (0.0–0.5 m/s — range of current velocity changes).

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4. Fig. 3. Distribution of the relative biomass of systematic phytoplankton groups (%) (left ordinate axis) and total biomass (g/m3) (right ordinate axis) in the southeastern Baltic Sea in October–November 2021.

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5. Fig. 4. Spatial distribution of biomass (g/m3) of Cerataulina pelagica (a) and Dactyliosolen fragilissimus (b) in the south-eastern Baltic Sea in October–November 2021.

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6. Fig. 5. Dendrogram of cenotic similarity (by biomass) of phytoplankton in the southeastern Baltic Sea in October–November 2021.

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7. Fig. 6. Spatial distribution of phytoplankton groups (FCG 1–FCG 4) in the southeastern Baltic Sea in October–November 2021.

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8. Fig. 7. Distribution of the share of dominant species in biomass within the identified phytoplankton groups (IPG) in the southeastern Baltic Sea in October–November 2021.

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9. Fig. 8. Relative biomass of systematic groups of phytoplankton (left ordinate axis) and total phytoplankton biomass (g/m3) (right ordinate axis) at stations along the western coast of the Sambian Peninsula in the southeastern Baltic Sea in October 2020.

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10. Fig. 9. Biomass of dominant taxa and phytoplankton biomass in the coastal zone of the western coast of the Sambian Peninsula of the southeastern Baltic Sea in October 2020.

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