New realities of economic cooperation between Russia and Mongolia

The article examines the development of the Mongolian vector of foreign economic policy, the strategy of Russia’s turn to the East, within which it seeks global multipolarity and a reduction in opportunities for U.S. domination. In Russia’s confrontation with the United States and its allies after the reunification of Crimea in 2014 and especially after the start of the Russian Special military operation in February 2022 of particular importance is the development of Russian-Mongolian economic and political cooperation in the Russia-Mongolia-China triangle and in regional associations (EAEU, SCO, ASEAN, etc.).

The article shows that Mongolia, which sticks to political neutrality, is actively developing economic ties with both neighboring countries – Russia and China – and (within the framework of the “third neighbor” concept) with the United States, the EU, Japan, South Korea and other developed countries, in competition with which Russia now has to renew the economic partnership with Mongolia once lost after the collapse of the USSR. The result of the study is the conclusion that currently Russia’s foreign economic interests in Mongolia are mainly built on the economic and infrastructure projects of the Chinese Initiative “One Belt, One Road”, thereby strengthening the Chinese factor in the bilateral Russian-Mongolian economic partnership, which in the future may lead to new risks to national economic security.