A review of channel estimation and security techniques for CRNS

Аннотация

Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is an intelligent wireless communication system that adapts itself to variations in the incoming radio frequency stimuli by modifying the operating parameters. Using the spectrum sensing techniques, the idle channels are detected, and allocated to the Secondary Users (SUs). The existing cooperative spectrum sensing techniques such as centralized sensing technique, Distributed sensing technique, and External sensing technique exploit efficient prediction models for allocating the frequency spectrum to SUs. For an optimal assignment of the channel using channel parameters, the channel estimation techniques such as pilot-assisted channel estimation, blind and semi blind estimation technique, and decision directed channel estimation technique are analyzed. The flexible nature of the CRN introduces various security attacks such as Primary User Emulation Attack, Objective Function Attack, Jamming Attack, Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification (SSDF), Control Channel Saturation DoS Attack (CCSD), Selfish Channel Negotiation (SCN), Sinkhole Attacks, HELLO Flood Attacks and Lion Attack. From the surveyed results, it is observed that the existing spectrum sensing, and prediction-based techniques consume more energy, and minimal data transmission rate for detecting the idle channel. Further, the end-to-end delay, energy consumption, end-to-end delay, and bandwidth are not minimized by the existing techniques.