Participation of the subventricular zone of the brain in the development of brain glioma

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Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant tumor with an average survival rate of 15–16 months with standard treatment; however, cases of successful treatment provide hope that a better understanding of the pathology will improve prognosis. Glial tumors contain clonogenic cells (cells capable of forming colonies in a culture medium) with a high proliferative potential, and their descendants have a wide range of possible differentiation; these clonogenic cells are currently considered as glioma stem cells (GSCs). In normal and pathological conditions, there are zones in the adult brain that contain proliferating neural stem cells (NSCs) and their descendants – progenitor cells that have begun to differentiate. One such zone lying on the lateral wall of the lateral ventricle, called the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle (SVZ), has attracted much attention due to its importance for gliomagenesis. Numerous studies have shown that the intense exchange of signaling molecules and cells between the GBM and the SVZ leads to accelerated tumor growth and an increased risk of relapse. Research results indicate the possibility of developing new, more effective strategies to combat this dangerous disease, taking into account knowledge about the role of SVZ in the development of this pathology.

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About the authors

A. V. Revishchin

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: revishchin@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

G. V. Pavlova

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences; N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Healthcare of Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: revishchin@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Diagram of the location of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and fascia dentata of the hippocampus on a frontal section of the human brain. The drawing was made using the BioRender resource https://ikt-masterilki.ru/ biorender/

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3. Fig. 2. Diagram of the arrangement of cells in the subventricular zone of the adult human brain. The positions of the layers are indicated at the top: I – monolayer of ependymal cells, II – intermediate hypocellular layer, III – strip of astrocyte bodies IV – transition zone. The drawing was made using the BioRender resource https://ikt-masterilki.ru/biorender/

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