BLOOD ELECTROLYTES AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF HEART IN A RAT MODEL OF PREDIABETES AND TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS

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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, early markers of these disorders are not sufficiently studied. The relevance of this work is driven by the need to identify predictors of cardiac complications in preclinical models. The aim of the study was to assess the levels of blood electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl-, glucose, lactate) and measure electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters in male Wistar rats with prediabetes and T1DM induced by a streptozotocin injection (35 mg/kg, i.p.). A prospective comparative study was conducted over 60 days on three groups: control (C-group, n = 15), prediabetes (PDM-group, n = 15), and T1DM (DM-group, n = 8). Glucose levels were determined using a glucometer. ECG was recorded on day 56 of the experiment using a “Poli-Spectr-8/V” electrocardiograph. Electrolyte levels were measured on day 60 using an Eros® Reader analyzer. The following statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed compared to the C-group. Glucose levels were higher than in the C-group (6.2 mM): 7.7 mM (PDM) and 24.9 mM (DM). In the DM-group, the concentration of Na+ (137 ± 4 vs. 143 ± 2 mM in the C-group) and Cl- (100 ± 3 vs. 105 ± 1 mM in the C-group) was decreased. The ECG of the DM-group was characterized by an increase in QRS and QT intervals, as well as a decrease in heart rate (HR) compared to the C and PDM groups. Furthermore, the area of the T-wave on the ECG of DM-group rats increased compared to the C-group. The obtained data suggest that, at least in part, ECG changes in the early stages of T1DM in rats may be associated with disturbances in blood electrolyte balance. Rats with prediabetes are characterized by a more favorable blood metabolite and electrolyte profile, which is not associated with significant ECG abnormalities.

About the authors

O. V Chistyakova

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

St.-Petersburg, Russia

Y. A Filippov

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

St.-Petersburg, Russia

I. B Sukhov

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: sukhov.ivan@gmail.com
St.-Petersburg, Russia

M. G Dobretsov

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

St.-Petersburg, Russia

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