Vascular complications of diabetes mellitus worldwide and in Russia: The path of 100 years. A review

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Abstract

With the discovery and introduction of insulin, the "palette" of life-threatening conditions for patients with diabetes mellitus has changed dramatically: from diabetic coma of the "pre-insulin era" to severe vascular complications in the modern period. The key risk factors for diabetic angiopathies in diabetes mellitus are poor glycemic control in combination with a long course of the disease. Over the past 30 years, there has been a downward trend in the incidence of late vascular complications of diabetes both worldwide and in Russia. In particular, the frequency of cardiovascular events (myocardial infarctions, strokes, amputations) decreased, and the incidence of several other complications, such as diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, stabilized. However, the incidence of chronic kidney disease and chronic heart failure is still increasing. The Joslin Medal, awarded to patients over 50, 75 and even 80 years of life with diabetes, reflects success in the fight against this disease.

About the authors

Marina V. Shestakova

Endocrinology Research Centre

Author for correspondence.
Email: Shestakova.Marina@endocrincentr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5057-127X

акад. РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор Института диабета, заместитель директор ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anastasia S. Severina

Endocrinology Research Centre

Email: Shestakova.Marina@endocrincentr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0296-4933

кандидат медицинских наук, вед. научный сотрудник

Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Trends of vascular complications in patients with diabetes in the United States, standardized by age, for 1990–2010 (adapted from: J. Harding et al. [14]).

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3. Fig. 2. Global trends in the frequency of lower limb amputations for 1988–2011 (adapted from: J. Harding et al. [14]).

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4. Fig. 3. Global trends in the frequency of lower of the terminal stage of CBP for 2002–2015 (adapted from: J. Harding et al. [14]).

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5. Fig. 4. Trends in the incidence of complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus (a) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (b) in the Russian Federation for 2010–2022 in adult patients (over 18 years) (cited from: I.I. Dedov et al., 2023 [17]).

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