The dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease: results of the DAPA-CKD study

Aim. The article presents the main results of a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo – controlled trial of DAPA-CKD.

Materials and methods. The study included patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the possibility of using dapagliflozin at a dose of 10 mg once a day compared with placebo. The study involved 386 centers from 21 countries. A total of 4304 patients were included in the study, the average age was 61.8 years, men predominated, 2906 (67.5%) patients had an initial diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Patients with diabetic and non-diabetic CKD were included with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 25 to 75 ml/min/1.73 m2 and a urinary albumin/creatinine ratio of 200 to 5000 mg/g.

Results. The primary composite endpoint (time to eGFR reduction of 50% or more compared to baseline, time to end-stage renal disease defined as eGFR<15 ml/min/1.73 m2, need for chronic dialysis or kidney transplantation, time to renal or cardiovascular death) was shown to occur in 9.2% of patients treated with dapagliflozin and in 14.5% of patients treated with placebo. Also, dapagliflozin therapy was less likely to have a secondary endpoint, such as a combination of a decrease in eGFR by 50% or more, end-stage kidney disease, or renal death. Less frequently, the dapagliflozin group experienced cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure, as well as death from any cause.

Conclusion. Thus, dapagliflozin demonstrated the ability, in comparison with placebo, to reduce the primary composite point and a number of secondary composite points in patients with both diabetic and non-diabetic CKD.