Changes in the intestinal microbiota as a risk factor for dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and the role of probiotics in their prevention

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Abstract

The review presents an analysis of studies on the role of the intestinal microbiota and microbiome in lipid metabolism and the development of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The role of the intestine as a metabolic organ with a multifactorial strain evolution, involved in lipid metabolism, cholesterol homeostasis and enterohepatic circulation is shown. The influence of microbial imbalance on the development of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis is considered. Special attention is paid to preventive therapy with hypolipidemic probiotics. It is shown that the use of probiotics with hypolipidemic properties and consisting of a mixture of such strains as Lactobacillus plantarum CECT7527, CET7528 and CECT7529, mixtures of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12, Bifidobacterium animalis lactis BB-12 contribute to reducing the level of LDL-C, CCS, TG, are safe and well tolerated, can be used as an adjuvant non-drug therapy in combination with hypolipidemic drugs for dyslipidemia, multifocal atherosclerosis.

About the authors

O. S. Oynotkinova

Research Institute of the Organization of Health Care and Medical Management; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: olga-oynotkinova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9856-8643

д.м.н., проф., нач. отд. ГБУ НИИОЗММ, проф. каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней и лучевой диагностики ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова», проф. каф. фак-та фундаментальной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова»

Russian Federation, Moscow

E. L. Nikonov

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: olga-oynotkinova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8396-1936

д.м.н., проф., зав. каф. гастроэнтерологии ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова»

Russian Federation, Moscow

T. Y. Demidova

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: olga-oynotkinova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6385-540X

д.м.н., проф., зав. каф. эндокринологии ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова»

Russian Federation, Moscow

A. P. Baranov

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: olga-oynotkinova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3981-0073

д.м.н., проф., ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова», зав. каф. терапии фак-та фундаментальной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова»

Russian Federation, Moscow

E. V. Kryukov

Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital

Email: olga-oynotkinova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8396-1936

чл.-кор. РАН, д.м.н., проф., нач. ФГБУ «ГВКГ им. Н.Н. Бурденко»

Russian Federation, Moscow

E. I. Dedov

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: olga-oynotkinova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9118-3708

д.м.н., проф. каф. госпитальной терапии ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова»

Russian Federation, Moscow

E. A. Karavashkina

Polyclinic No1

Email: olga-oynotkinova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7090-5003

врач-терапевт ФГБУ «Поликлиника №1»

Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Gut microbiota and LPS-induced inflammation in AT (adapted: M. Junli et al. [83]).

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3. Fig. 2. Influence of intestinal microbiota-dependent production of TMAO on AT. The gut microbiota metabolizes dietary choline, L-carnitine and betaine to form TMA and TMAO. TMAO is associated with AT through impaired FA metabolism, inhibition of RCT, induction of foam cell formation, platelet activation, and vascular inflammation (adapted by M. Junli et al. [83]).

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