Тромботическая микроангиопатия в ревматологии: связь тромбовоспаления и аутоиммунитета
- Авторы: Насонов Е.Л.1,2, Решетняк Т.М.1,3, Алекберова З.С.1
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Учреждения:
- ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»
- ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)
- ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России
- Выпуск: Том 92, № 5 (2020)
- Страницы: 4-14
- Раздел: Клинические наблюдения
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0040-3660/article/view/34518
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.05.000697
- ID: 34518
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Аннотация
Неконтролируемые гиперкоагуляция и воспаление («тромбовоспаление» – thromboinflammation), представляющие собой независимые, но тесно связанные и амплифицирующие друг друга патологические процессы, составляют основу патогенеза широкого спектра заболеваний и осложнений, в том числе при иммуновоспалительных (аутоиммунных) ревматических заболеваниях, с развитием потенциально смертельных повреждений внутренних органов. Одним из ярких прототипов «тромбовоспалительных» патологических состояний является тромботическая микроангиопатия. Существование тесной взаимосвязи между факторами внешней среды, генетическими дефектами свертывания крови и компонентов комплемента, воспалением и аутоиммунитетом в качестве патогенетических механизмов микротромбоза привлекает особое внимание к изучению тромботической микроангиопатии при иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваниях, в первую очередь системной красной волчанке, антифосфолипидном синдроме и склеродермическом почечном кризе. Эти исследования в перспективе могут иметь значение для расширения представлений о роли аутоиммунных механизмов патогенеза «критических» нарушений гемостаза при заболеваниях человека, разработки новых подходов к терапии. В последнее время привлечено внимание к применению для лечения системной красной волчанки и антифосфолипидного синдрома препарата экулизумаб, представляющего собой гуманизированные моноклональные IgG2/4k-антитела, блокирующие С5а-компонент комплемента и образование мембраноатакующего комплекса (С5b-9). Препарат зарегистрирован для лечения атипичного гемолитико-уремического синдрома, пароксизмальной ночной гемоглобинурии, а также тяжелых форм миастении и оптического нейромиелита. Дальнейшие исследования в этом направлении создадут предпосылки для улучшения прогноза не только у пациентов с орфанной патологией, но и широко распространенными заболеваниями человека.
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Евгений Львович Насонов
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: nasonov@irramn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1598-8360
акад. РАН, д.м.н., проф., науч. рук., проф.
Россия, МоскваТатьяна Магомедалиевна Решетняк
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России
Email: nasonov@irramn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3552-2522
д.м.н., рук. лаб. сосудистой ревматологии, проф. каф. ревматологии
Россия, МоскваЗемфира Садуллаевна Алекберова
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»
Email: nasonov@irramn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6619-718X
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»
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