Perspectives of cell therapy for myocardial infarction and heart failure based on cardiosphere cells

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, researchers are attracted to the use of cell therapy based on stem cell and progenitor cells, which has been a promising strategy for cardiac repair after injury. However, conducted research using intracoronary or intramyocardial transplantation of various types of stem/progenitor cells as a cell suspension showed modest efficiency. This is due to the low degree of integration and cell survival after transplantation. To overcome these limitations, the concept of the use of multicellular spheroids modeling the natural microenvironment of cells has been proposed, which allows maintaining their viability and therapeutic properties. It is of great interest to use so-called cardial spheroids (cardiospheres) – spontaneously forming three-dimensional structures under low-adhesive conditions, consisting of a heterogeneous population of myocardial progenitor cells and extracellular matrix proteins. This review presents data on methods for creating cardiospheres, directed regulation of their properties and reparative potential, as well as the results of preclinical and clinical studies on their use for the treatment of heart diseases.

About the authors

K. V. Dergilev

National Medical Research Center for Cardiology

Author for correspondence.
Email: doctorkote@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2712-4997

вед. науч. сотр. лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

Russian Federation, Moscow

Iu. D. Vasilets

National Medical Research Center for Cardiology

Email: doctorkote@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6367-3785

лаборант-исследователь лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

Russian Federation, Moscow

Z. I. Tsokolaeva

National Medical Research Center for Cardiology; Negovsky Scientific Research Institute of General Reanimatology of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine
and Rehabilitology

Email: doctorkote@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2441-6062

ст. науч. сотр. лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

Russian Federation, Moscow

E. S. Zubkova

National Medical Research Center for Cardiology

Email: doctorkote@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0512-3670

мл. науч. сотр. лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

Russian Federation, Moscow

E. V. Parfenova

National Medical Research Center for Cardiology; Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: doctorkote@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0969-5780

рук. лаб. ангиогенеза, дир. Института экспериментальной кардиологии; лаб. постгеномных технологий в медицине фак-та фундаментальной медицины 

Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Obtaining and characterizing cardiospheres from mouse myocardial cells.

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3. Fig. 2. A schematic representation of the basic mechanisms of action of the cardiospheres (explanations in the text).

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