A novel strategy for the management of non-productive cough: mechanisms, efficacy, safety. A review
- Authors: Kalyuzhin O.V.1, Malyavin A.G.2
-
Affiliations:
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
- Russian University of Medicine
- Issue: Vol 97, No 4 (2025): Вопросы диагностики
- Pages: 386-392
- Section: Reviews
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0040-3660/article/view/292184
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2025.04.203222
- ID: 292184
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Cough, as a protective reflex, can become hypersensitive under pathological conditions (e.g. acute respiratory viral infections, acute bronchitis, asthma), significantly impairing patients’ quality of life. Modern therapeutic approaches often focus solely on symptomatic cough suppression, while targeting its pathogenetic mechanisms, including MCP-dependent inflammation, remains understudied. The article examines the innovative antitussive drug Eladis®, designed to target chemokine-dependent mechanisms involved in the development of cough sensitization.
Aim. To conduct a systematic analysis of published data on the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and safety of Eladis®, a novel antitussive drug that inhibits MCP-dependent inflammation, based on experimental and clinical trial results (phases I–III).
Materials and methods. The review synthesizes experimental data from in vitro and in vivo studies (guinea pigs), demonstrating selective suppression of TRPA1-dependent cough via inhibition of Golgi-resident glutamyl cyclase. Clinical trials included: phase I: pharmacokinetics and safety assessment in healthy volunteers (n=32); phase II: evaluation of lung function in patients with partially controlled asthma (n=250); phase III: randomized placebo-controlled study in acute respiratory viral infections and acute bronchitis (n=250).
Conclusion. Eladis® is a promising antitussive drug with a unique mechanism targeting MCP-dependent inflammation. It is effective for acute non-productive cough and offers new therapeutic potential for chronic respiratory diseases. Further research may expand its clinical applications.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Oleg V. Kalyuzhin
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Author for correspondence.
Email: kalyuzhin@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3628-2436
доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры клинической иммунологии и аллергологии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского
Russian Federation, MoscowAndrey G. Malyavin
Russian University of Medicine
Email: kalyuzhin@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6128-5914
доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фтизиатрии Научно-образовательного института клинической медицины им. Н.А. Семашко
Russian Federation, MoscowReferences
- Драпкина О.М., Горелов А.В., Авдеев С.Н., и др. Совет экспертов «Контроль над вирус-индуцированным воспалением дыхательных путей». Инфекционные болезни: новости, мнения, обучение. 2024;13(3):166-75 [Drapkina OM, Gorelov AV, Avdeev SN, et al. Expert council “Control of virus-induced respiratory tract inflammation”. Infektsionnye bolezni: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie = Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training. 2024;13(3):166-75 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.33029/2305-3496-2024-13-3-166-175
- Караулов А.В., Калюжин О.В. Иммунотерапия инфекционных болезней: проблемы и перспективы. Терапевтический архив. 2013;85(11):100-8 [Karaulov AV, Kalyuzhin OV. Immunotherapy for infectious diseases: challenges and prospects. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2013;85(11):100-8 (in Russian)].
- Canning BJ, Chang AB, Bolser DC, et al. CHEST Expert Cough Panel. Anatomy and neurophysiology of cough: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel report. Chest. 2014;146(6):1633-48. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-1481
- Andrani F, Aiello M, Bertorelli G, et al. Cough, a vital reflex. Mechanisms, determinants and measurements. Acta Biomed. 2019;89(4):477-80. doi: 10.23750/abm.v89i4.6182
- Foti Randazzese S, Toscano F, Gambadauro A, et al. Neuromodulators in Acute and Chronic Cough in Children: An Update from the Literature. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(20):11229. doi: 10.3390/ijms252011229
- Зайцев А.А., Оковитый С.В., Крюков Е.В. Кашель. Практическое пособие для врачей. М.: Медиа-Сфера, 2015 [Zaitsev AA, Okovityi SV, Kriukov EV. Kashel'. Prakticheskoe posobie dlia vrachei. Moscow: Media-Sfera, 2015 (in Russian)].
- Геппе Н.А., Малахов А.Б., Зайцева О.В., и др. Спорные и нерешенные вопросы в терапии кашля у детей в амбулаторной практике. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2017;4:40-5 [Geppe NA, Malakhov AB, Zaitseva OV, et al. Controversial and unresolved issues in the treatment of cough in children in outpatient practice. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2017;4:40-5 (in Russian)].
- Cynis H, Hoffmann T, Friedrich D, et al. The isoenzyme of glutaminyl cyclase is an important regulator of monocyte infiltration under inflammatory conditions. EMBO Mol Med. 2011;3(9):545-58. doi: 10.1002/emmm.201100158
- Clementi N, Ghosh S, De Santis M, et al. Viral Respiratory Pathogens and Lung Injury. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2021;34(3):e00103-20. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00103-20
- Henrot P, Prevel R, Berger P, Dupin I. Chemokines in COPD: From Implication to Therapeutic Use. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(11):2785. doi: 10.3390/ijms20112785
- Romanova J, Chikina E, Rydlovskaya A, et al. New Anti-Chemokine Oral Drug XC8 in the Treatment of Asthma Patients with Poor Response to Corticosteroids: Results of a Phase 2A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Pulm Ther. 2020;6(2):351-69. doi: 10.1007/s41030-020-00134-5
- Полякова Е.А., Ушакова С.Е., Оковитый С.В., и др. Новые лечебные технологии в терапии кашля: результаты двойного слепого плацебо-контролируемого многоцентрового рандомизированного клинического исследования. Терапевтический архив. 2024;96(6):614-21 [Polyakova EA, Ushakova SE, Okovityy SV, et al. New medical technologies in cough therapy: results of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2024;96(6):614-21 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2024.06.202804
- Romanova J, Rydlovskaya A, Mochalov S, et al. The Effect of Anti-Chemokine Oral Drug XC8 on Cough Triggered by The Agonists of TRPA1 But Not TRPV1 Channels in Guinea Pigs. Pulm Ther. 2022;8(1):105-22. doi: 10.1007/s41030-022-00183-y
- Ferko B, Romanova J, Rydlovskaya AV, et al. A Novel Oral Glutarimide Derivative XC8 Suppresses Sephadex-Induced Lung Inflammation in Rats and Ovalbumin-induced Acute and Chronic Asthma in Guinea Pigs. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2019;20(2):146-56. doi: 10.2174/1389201020666190215103505
- Guilleminault L, Grassin-Delyle S, Mazzone SB. Drugs Targeting Cough Receptors: New Therapeutic Options in Refractory or Unexplained Chronic Cough. Drugs. 2024;84(7):763-77. doi: 10.1007/s40265-024-02047-y
- Mukhopadhyay I, Kulkarni A, Aranake S, et al. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 receptor activation in vitro and in vivo by pro-tussive agents: GRC 17536 as a promising anti-tussive therapeutic. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e97005. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097005
- Deng Z, Zhou W, Sun J, et al. IFN-γ Enhances the Cough Reflex Sensitivity via Calcium Influx in Vagal Sensory Neurons. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018;198(7):868-79. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201709-1813OC
- Nassenstein C, Kwong K, Taylor-Clark T, et al. Expression and function of the ion channel TRPA1 in vagal afferent nerves innervating mouse lungs. J Physiol. 2008;586(6):1595-604. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.148379
- Couto M, de Diego A, Perpiñi M, et al. Cough reflex testing with inhaled capsaicin and TRPV1 activation in asthma and comorbid conditions. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2013;23(5):289-301.
- Deng Z, Ding W, Li F, et al. Pulmonary IFN-γ Causes Lymphocytic Inflammation and Cough Hypersensitivity by Increasing the Number of IFN-γ-Secreting T Lymphocytes. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2022;14(6):653-73. doi: 10.4168/aair.2022.14.6.653
- Renner A, Romanova J, Ferko B, et al. Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a novel anti-asthmatic drug, XC8, in healthy probands. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2019;59:101852. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2019.101852
- Mukhopadhyay I, Kulkarni A, Aranake S, et al. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 receptor activation in vitro and in vivo by pro-tussive agents: GRC 17536 as a promising anti-tussive therapeutic. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e97005. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097005
- Gauthier M, Chakraborty K, Oriss TB, et al. Severe asthma in humans and mouse model suggests a CXCL10 signature underlies corticosteroid-resistant Th1 bias. JCI insight. 2017;2(13):e94580. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.94580.
Supplementary files
