Pulmonary fibrosis after a new coronavirus infection – versions and controversies: A review

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Abstract

Fibrosis is a dynamic process characterized by a typical cascade of events as a result of overexpressed repair of connective tissue in response to injury, and manifested by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. The development of fibrosis is a determining factor in the pathogenesis, clinical course and prognosis of many diseases, among which interstitial lung diseases occupy a special place. According to a large Russian registry (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04492384), in a third of patients with COVID-19, the volume of lung parenchyma involvement exceeds 50% (CT 3-4). The rapid growth in the number of patients who have had a coronavirus infection with lung damage has raised the issues of its long-term consequences to the number of the most relevant in internal medicine of the current time. Often, in the outcome of a coronavirus infection, patients retain clinical and functional changes that are similar to interstitial lung diseases of a different origin, the prognosis of which is determined by the development of interstitial fibrosis and the rate of its progression. This article is an attempt to consider topical issues of fibrogenesis in patients who have undergone a new coronavirus infection through the prism of polar data on immunobiology, clinical course and prognosis.

About the authors

Evgeny I. Shchepikhin

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute; Central Clinical Hospital of the Administrative Directorate of the President of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9146-0904

аспирант отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения ФГБНУ ЦНИИТ, врач-пульмонолог пульмонологического отд-ния ФГБУ «ЦКБ с поликлиникой»

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Evgene I. Shmelev

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: Shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1908-5601

д-р мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения ФГБНУ ЦНИИТ                                             

Russian Federation, Moscow

Atadzhan E. Ergeshov

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: cniit@ctri.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2494-9275

чл.-кор РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., дир. ФГБНУ ЦНИИТ

Russian Federation, Moscow

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