Burden and management of severe asthma in Russia: results from international observational study

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Abstract

Aim. To assess clinical and demographic characteristics of severe asthma (SA) patients and their management in Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. This publication provides data for Russian part of population of the international observational study. In Phase I, retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with SA was performed with assessment of clinical and demographic data, medical history, comorbidities, treatment approaches and healthcare utilization. Phase II was a cross-sectional collection of patient-reported outcomes: level of asthma control assessed by ACT (Asthma Control Test) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measured using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Phase I patients were enrolled into Phase II if they signed a written consent form.

Results. A total of 315 patients were included in Phase I of the study, 106 (33.6%) of them entered Phase II. Majority of study participants were either obese (n=103; 39.8%) or overweight (n=94; 36.3%). The most common comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases (n=217; 71.4%), followed by chronic respiratory diseases (n=198; 68.8%). There were 268 (85.1%) patients who had at least one exacerbation during last 12 months. Data for blood eosinophil count were available in 176 patients; 81.3% of them (n=143) had only one test in the last 12 months. The mean (SD) last available blood eosinophil count was 161.2 (181.2) cells/mm3. Serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) value was known for 88 patients, and the mean (SD) last measured IgE value was 254.3 (249.7) ng/mL. Only 4.7% of Phase II participants had ACT scores indicative of controlled asthma (>20). As much as 74.5% had scores ≤15 suggesting uncontrolled disease. Most patients also had impaired HRQoL.

Conclusion. Most SA patients had poor disease control with frequent exacerbations and high number of comorbidities. Blood eosinophils and IgE level measurements were not evaluated routinely which might be a barrier for appropriate phenotyping and treatment selection.

About the authors

Zaurbek R. Aisanov

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4044-674X

д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. пульмонологии ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова»

Russian Federation, Moscow

Oksana M. Kurbacheva

National Research Center “Institute of Immunology”

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3250-0694

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. отд. бронхиальной астмы ФГБУ ГНЦ «Институт иммунологии»

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexander V. Emelyanov

Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8574-6869

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. пульмонологии ФГБОУ ВО «СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова»

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Galina L. Ignatova

South Ural State Medical University

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0877-6554

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. терапии Института дополнительного профессионального образования ФГБОУ ВО ЮУГМУ

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Lindsey Teichman

GSK

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2600-9383

биостатистик и эпидемиолог GSK

United Arab Emirates

Janina Yu. Makarova

GSK

Author for correspondence.
Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1102-7618

канд. мед. наук, рук. медико-экономического направления GSK

Russian Federation

Sergey V. Fedosenko

Siberian State Medical University

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6655-3300

д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии ФГБОУ ВО СибГМУ

Russian Federation, Tomsk

Rafael Alfonso

GSK

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7060-5131

ст. дир. эпидемиологического направления биологических препаратов в респираторной медицине GSK

United States

Tamer Elfishawy

GSK

Email: yana.j.makarova@gsk.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-4307-569X

региональный рук. терапевтического направления специализированной медицинской помощи GSK

United Arab Emirates

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Frequency of nighttime awakenings from asthma symptoms in the last 12 months (n=230).

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3. Fig. 2. Frequency of asthma exacerbations in the last 12 months (n=268).

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4. Fig. 3. Last spirometry data over a period of 12 months.

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