Immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases and COVID-19: analysis of clinical outcomes according to the data of the register of patients of the Novosibirsk region receiving therapy with genetically engineered biological drugs

Maxim A. Korolev; Королев Максим Александрович; Elena A. Letyagina; Летягина Елена Алексеевна; Alexey E. Sizikov; Сизиков Алексей Эдуардович; Larisa A. Bogoderova; Богодерова Лариса Александровна; Yuliya B. Ubshaeva; Убшаева Юлия Борисовна; Vitaly O. Omelchenko; Омельченко Виталий Олегович; Anna A. Akimova; Акимова Анна Александровна; Arsen A. Mullagaliev; Муллагалиев Арсен Арсенович; Oksana A. Chumasova; Чумасова Оксана Александровна; Yuliya D. Kurochkina; Курочкина Юлия Дмитриевна

doi:10.26442/00403660.2022.05.201502

Immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases and COVID-19: analysis of clinical outcomes according to the data of the register of patients of the Novosibirsk region receiving therapy with genetically engineered biological drugs

Authors: Korolev M.A.¹, Letyagina E.A.¹, Sizikov A.E.², Bogoderova L.A.³, Ubshaeva Y.B.¹, Omelchenko V.O.¹, Akimova A.A.¹, Mullagaliev A.A.¹, Chumasova O.A.², Kurochkina Y.D.¹
Affiliations:
1. Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of Federal Research Center "Institute of Cytology and Genetics"
2. Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology
3. State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital
Issue: Vol 94, No 5 (2022)
Pages: 636-641
Section: Original articles
URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0040-3660/article/view/108780
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2022.05.201502
ID: 108780

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Abstract

Background. Currently, observations are accumulating indicating the negative effect of therapy with a number of biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) drugs on the course of COVID-19. These facts determine the relevance of studying the factors of severe course and unfavorable outcome in immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD) patients treated with bDMARDs in order to develop tactics for managing this category of patients in a pandemic.

Aim. To evaluate the influence of clinical and demographic factors on the risk of development, severity of the course and clinical outcomes of a new coronavirus infection in patients suffering from IIRD and receiving therapy with genetically engineered biological drugs.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the database of the register of patients with IIRD receiving bDMARDs in the Novosibirsk region was performed, which included 318 patients, 94 of whom had indications of having suffered viral infection/pneumonia for the period from 01.04.2020 to 31.12.2020.

Results. According to the data obtained, at the time of the analysis, 94 people out of 318 patients with IIRD had a new coronavirus infection. Most (53%) of the patients had a mild infection. At the same time, the nosological form, the use of anti-rheumatic drugs and glucocorticoids did not increase the risks of severe coronavirus infection. When using bDMARDs, only anti-B-cell therapy (rituximab) associated with statistically significant increase in the risk of severe/extremely severe COVID-19. The mortality rate according to the analysis of the register was 6,38%.

Conclusion. Patients with IIRD have a high risk of severe coronavirus infection, while the severity of the disease is associated with the type of therapy performed.

Keywords

COVID-19, immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases, mortality, biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs

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About the authors

Maxim A. Korolev

Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of Federal Research Center "Institute of Cytology and Genetics"

Email: juli_k@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4890-0847

канд. мед. наук, зам. рук., врач-ревматолог, зав. лаб. патологии соединительной ткани НИИКЭЛ – филиала ИЦиГ СО РАН, гл. внештатный ревматолог Минздрава Новосибирской области