卷 59, 编号 4 (2016)

Using the measured horizontal and vertical components of the magnetic and electric fields, respectively, we solve the problem of determining the location of a dipole source of electromagnetic radiation, which is equivalent to the lightning discharge, at the specified point of an infinitely conducting plane. The proposed method, which is based on the analysis of the measured-signal spectra, allows one to develop many estimates of the source location, choose the final estimate on the basis of the results of analysis of the entire totality of these estimates, and, therefore, reach stability in determining the source location. The spectral method makes it possible to obtain more stable solutions at a lower computation cost compared with the previously developed parametric extremum method. The spectral-method algorithm can be naturally parallelized. The results of the analytical and numerical studies of the accuracy and stability of the proposed method are presented.

We propose a new small-size version of a waveguide diplexer based on quasi-planar filters with E-plane ridge sections and inductive diaphragms on a single metal inset made of a thin foil. The diplexer contains an E-plane waveguide bifurcation and a matching stepwise transition. The effective hybrid method, which is based on the Galerkin method allowing for the field singularity at the edges, the mode matching method, and the generalized scattering matrix method, has been developed for electrodynamic analysis of the given class of diplexers. We present characteristics of the optimized version of the design of a centimeter-wave diplexer, whose length is approximately 1.5 times shorter compared with known counerparts.

We calculate the intensity and the main mode of linear polarization, i.e., the difference in the intensities of the orthogonally polarized components, for the case of oblique incidence of a linearly polarized light beam on a disordered medium. It is assumed that multiple scattering has a sharply anisotropic character. The vector equation of radiation transfer is solved neglecting the difference in the amplitude of single scattered waves, when light becomes depolarized due to polarization twisting in the process of multiple scattering. It is shown that the angle at which the maximum of the polarization degree is observed decreases as the depth increases much slower than the angle corresponding to the intensity peak.

We present the results of studying the dynamics of middle-atmosphere ozone above Peterhof (60°N, 30°E) and Tomsk (56°N, 85°E) during stratospheric warming in the winter of 2013–2014 by the radiophysical method. In the ground-based observations we used the same microwave ozone meters (operated at 110.8 GHz) and the same techniques both for measuring the radiation spectra of ozone molecules and estimation of the vertical distribution of ozone in the middle atmosphere. These results were compared with satellite data on the total ozone content TOC (OMI/Aura), altitude profiles of ozone and temperature in the layer 20–60 km (MLS/Aura), and also with the data on ozone content in the layer 25–60 km, which were obtained using a Bruker IFS-125HR infrared Fourier spectrometer in Peterhof. Significant variations in ozone, which were caused by a stratospheric warming of the minor type, were observed in the atmosphere above Peterhof at altitudes of 40 to 60 km. The duration of dynamic perturbations above Peterhof was 2.5 months. Dynamic processes associated with the horizontal transport of air masses, which had an impact on the vertical structure of ozone in the middle atmosphere, were also detected above Tomsk, but this effect was less dependent on the background temperature variations.