Effect of Long-Term and Short-Term Droughts on the Hydrolytic Enzymes in Haplic Luvisol

A. V. Yakushev; Якушев А. В.; А. I. Zhuravleva; Журавлева А. И.; I. N. Kuznetsova; Кузнецова И. Н.

doi:10.31857/S0032180X2260130X

Effect of Long-Term and Short-Term Droughts on the Hydrolytic Enzymes in Haplic Luvisol

Authors: Yakushev A.V.¹, Zhuravleva А.I.², Kuznetsova I.N.³
Affiliations:
1. Lomonosov Moscow State University
2. Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences
3. LLC “Agro-S”
Issue: No 6 (2023)
Pages: 745-757
Section: БИОЛОГИЯ ПОЧВ
URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0032-180X/article/view/138126
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0032180X2260130X
EDN: https://elibrary.ru/FPMQMO
ID: 138126

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Abstract

The transformation of organic matter in the soil is largely determined by hydrolytic enzymes. Under the conditions of climate change, understanding the mechanisms of microbial response is of particular importance for predicting the carbon cycle. Until now, the effect of drought duration and frequency on soil hydrolytic enzymes has been little studied. A multifactorial field manipulation experiment was carried out, simulating in the presence of plants and without them: two short-term droughts, a long-term drought, and an optimal level of soil moisture. The maximum reaction rate V_max, Michaelis constant K_m, and catalytic efficiency K_a of five groups of enzymes involved in the carbon cycle (cellobiase, glucosidase, xylanase), phosphorus (phosphatase), and nitrogen (chitinase) were determined. In phosphatases, glucosidases, and xylanases, V_max decreased during short-term drought. During prolonged drought, the V_max value of phosphatases, cellobiohydrolases, and xylanases decreased and increased in chitinases, while remaining unchanged in glucosidases. Both long-term and short-term droughts led to an increase in K_m and a decrease in catalytic efficiency (K_a) for almost all enzymes. Short-term droughts were not a “weakened version” of a long-term drought, but had their own specifics – a decrease in K_m in glucosidases, which led to an increase in K_a. Long-term drought was characterized by an increase in V_max of chitinases and spatial variability of V_max of phosphatases and glucosidases. The influence of the presence of plants was secondary and affected only during short droughts. The reversibility of the effect of drought on V_max, K_m, K_a decreased in the series first short-term drought > second short-term drought > long-term drought due to an increase in the total duration of the stress impact.

Keywords

drought stress, soil enzymes, Michaelis-Menten kinetics, catalytic efficiency

References

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