Structure and Thermoelastic Martensitic Transformations in Ternary Ni–Ti–Zr Alloys with High-Temperature Shape Memory Effects

Abstract

X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron and scanning electron microscopies were used to study the effect of alloying with zirconium (0–20 at %) on the phase composition and structural and morphological features of thermoelastic martensitic transformations in ternary Ni–Ti–Zr alloys. The electrical resistivity of alloys has been measured in a wide range of temperatures, the critical temperatures have been determined, and a complete diagram of the high-temperature thermoelastic forward and reverse martensitic transformations B2 ↔ B19' occurring with a hysteresis in the range of 32–50 K has been constructed based on XRD data. The intercritical range of the temperatures of transformations increases as the zirconium content increases within the indicated limits. The lattice parameters of the monoclinic crystal lattice of the B19' martensite have been measured at room temperature. The twinning types most frequently observed in B19' martensite have been found as follows: I-(011), \(\left( {11\;\bar 1} \right)\) and (001), II-(011).