Vol 120, No 6 (2016)

The general theory of relaxation spectral shape parameters in the impact approximation (M. R. Cherkasov, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 141, 73 (2014)) is adapted to the case of line broadening of infrared spectra of ammonia. Specific features of line broadening of parallel and perpendicular bands are discussed. It is shown that in both cases the spectrum consists of independently broadened singlets and doublets; however, the components of doublets can be affected by collisional interference. The paper is the first part of a cycle of studies devoted to the problems of spectral line broadening of ammonia.

By using the group chain methods, a rigorous algebraic model is constructed to describe the energy spectrum of the isopropanol molecule (CH₃)₂CHOH with an allowance for the internal motion of hydroxil and two identical methyl tops. The model is rigorous in the sense that its correctness is limited only by the correctness of a symmetry chosen to describe internal dynamics of the molecule.

The spectral dependence of the efficiency of direct optical excitation of an oxygen molecule in tetrachloromethane using cw LED sources with different wavelengths and an optical parametric oscillator with single-shot output radiation (tuning range of 415–670 nm) has been studied by recording the phosphorescence of singlet oxygen at the O₂(¹Δ_g)–O₂(³Σ_g) transition (λ = 1270 nm). The results show that single-shot irradiation of tetrachloromethane in the short-wavelength spectral range leads to efficient quenching of singlet- oxygen phosphorescence by the products of photolytic decomposition of solvent.

The breakdown characteristics of a discharge tube with a configuration typical of gas-discharge light sources and electric-discharge lasers (a so-called “long discharge tube”) filled with argon or helium at a pressure of 1 Torr have been investigated. A breakdown has been implemented using positive and negative voltage pulses with a linear leading edge having a slope dU/dt ~ 10–10⁷ V/s. Visible light from an external source (halogen incandescent lamp) is found to affect the breakdown characteristics. The dependences of the dynamic breakdown voltage of the tube on dU/dt and on the incident light intensity are measured. The breakdown voltage is found to decrease under irradiation of the high-voltage anode of the tube in a wide range of dU/dt. A dependence of the effect magnitude on the light intensity and spectrum is obtained. Possible physical mechanisms of this phenomenon are discussed.

Photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen with the aid of Radahlorin® photosensitizer has been investigated. The dependences of the intensity of singlet oxygen phosphorescence and photosensitizer fluorescence on the excitation radiation wavelength in the range of 350–440 nm and on the irradiation dose have been obtained. The dependence of the ratio of the sensitizer fluorescence intensity at about 670 nm to the singlet oxygen phosphorescence intensity at a wavelength of 1270 nm on the excitation radiation wavelength is found to be nonmonotonic and have a minimum near the center of the absorption band on its red wing. The results obtained can be used to monitor the singlet oxygen concentration in solutions.

Luminescent complex mixed-ligand compounds of europium(III) with quinaldic acid and phosphor- containing neutral ligands have been obtained. Their composition and structure have been determined. The thermal and spectral-luminescent properties of the obtained complex mixed-ligand compounds of europium( III) have been studied. It is shown that, during thermolysis, a water molecule and neutral ligand are detached in two stages with endothermic effects. It is established that quinaldinate ion is coordinated to europium(III) ion in a bidentate fashion. The Stark structure of the ⁵D₀–⁷F_j (j = 0, 1, 2) transitions in low-temperature luminescence spectra of complex compounds of europium(III) has been analyzed.

The cathodoluminescent properties of nanoceramics based on neodymium-doped yttrium–aluminum garnet (YAG:Nd³⁺) are studied in a wide optical spectral range (from UV to IR). It is shown that the spectral positions of the emission bands of nanoceramics are identical to that of single crystal, but the bands of nanoceramics are broadened by no more than 15% from the half bandwidths of single crystal. The intensity of cathodoluminescence bands in nanoceramics is lower, and the lifetimes of radiative levels are shorter. It is found for the first time that electron-beam irradiation of nanoceramics increases the cathodoluminescence intensity of bands in visible and UV ranges (by two or more times). Preliminary electron beam irradiation of YAG:Nd³⁺ nanoceramics samples leads to the increase of cathodoluminescence efficiency. Such effect retains for a long time (a year and more) and can be compared to the memory effect. This effect is not observed in single crystal. We propose a model describing this effect in nanoceramics.

High-efficiency accommodation of heterogeneous-reaction energy via an electronic channel and the possibility of using this effect to design an ionizing (UV) radiation detector based on chemically stimulated luminescence have been investigated. Preliminary irradiation of a ZnS sample by UV light is found to cause a luminescence flash under subsequent exposure of the sample surface to a flux of hydrogen atoms. The flash intensity depends on the UV excitation level and increases by several orders of magnitude in comparison with an unirradiated sample. It is shown that a new method for detecting UV light using chemically stimulated luminescence of crystal phosphors accumulating light yield can be developed based on this effect.

Photoluminescence of amorphous SiO₂ nanoparticles compressed in the form of tablets is studied under exposure to UV radiation. The observed luminescence spectrum is a broad band extending from the excitation wavelength to 700 nm and with a maximum at ~470 nm. The spectrum can be decomposed into two Gaussian components with maxima at ~460 and ~530 nm. As the pressure applied for sample preparation increases, the integrated intensities of these bands change in opposite directions—the intensity of the short-wavelength band increases, while that of the long-wavelength band decreases. It is concluded that these bands are due to different luminescence centers of silicon dioxide located on the surface and in the bulk of SiO₂ nanoparticles.

The motion of the center of a soliton in a trap with oscillating walls is studied analytically and numerically for the case in which the intrinsic frequency of small soliton oscillations in the equilibrium state considerably exceeds the frequency of wall oscillations. this problem can be solved either by applying the gross–pitaevskii equation, which most exactly describes the behavior of the soliton in the trap, or by using the approximate, “mechanical,” equation of motion of the newtonian type for the center of the soliton. an approximate analytical solution of the mechanical equation is obtained and is compared with the numerical solution of the newton equation, while the latter solution is compared with the numerical solution of the gross–pitaevskii equation. good agreement between the first two solutions is revealed. it is also shown that there is a range of parameters in which the numerical solutions of the newton and gross–pitaevskii equations are closest to each other. the frequency-sweeping effect of soliton center oscillations is revealed. an approximate analytical formula for the limiting frequency of these oscillations is obtained and the numerical analysis of this phenomenon is performed.

The problem of evolution of the Stokes vector of a wave upon its transmission through an arbitrary homogeneous anisotropic medium with a non-Hermitian dielectric tensor has been solved in the general form. Explicit expressions for the Stokes vectors of eigenwaves have been obtained.

Temperature dependences of optical path difference δΔ_і and the relative changes in thickness δl_і/l of TGS crystals doped with L-valine are studied. Temperature dependences of the relative changes in refractive indices δn_і/(n–1) are calculated. The anisotropy coefficients of refractive indices А_n–1(Т) and linear expansion Аα(Т) are calculated, and a characteristic minimum of these dependences is found near the phase transition temperature.

The existence, uniqueness, and stability of the inverse problem solution for a scanning differential heterodyne microscope as applied to rectangular plasmonic waveguides have been analyzed. The consideration is based on an algorithm using a trial-and-error method that we proposed previously to characterize plasmonic waveguides with a triangular profile. The error of the inverse problem (IP) solution is calculated as dependent on the initial data and with allowance for their errors. Instability domains are found for the IP solution, where the solution error sharply increases. It is shown that the instability domains can be eliminated and the accuracy of the IP solution can be significantly improved in the entire range of initial data by taking initial data in the form of two phase responses of the microscope at different wavelengths.

Analysis of multiparametric data on transmission spectra of 24 divins (Moldovan cognacs) in the 190–2600 nm range allows identification of outliers and their removal from a sample under study in the following consideration. The principal component analysis and classification tree with a single-rank predictor constructed in the 2D space of principal components allow classification of divin manufacturers. It is shown that the accuracy of syringaldehyde, ethyl acetate, vanillin, and gallic acid concentrations in divins calculated with the regression to latent structures depends on the sample volume and is 3, 6, 16, and 20%, respectively, which is acceptable for the application.