The Origin of the Chionoecetes Opilio Snow Crab Larvae in the Kara Sea

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Most likely, the non-indigenous snow crab opilio, Chionoecetes opilio, entered the Kara Sea from the Barents Sea, both due to the migration of adults and with currents at the larval stage. At the moment, all bottom stages, including mature individuals and a large number of pelagic larvae are present in the Kara Sea. However, the origin of the larvae has not yet been clarified. The larvae that hatched in the Kara Sea should be at an earlier stage of development compared to the Barents Sea larvae that got here due, to later development of phytoplankton and, accordingly, later hatching.

The larvae of the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio and the spider crab H. araneus were collected in the central and southwestern parts of the Kara Sea in July — early August 2019 by the Bongo zooplankton net 60 cm in diameter. It was established that the larvae were unevenly distributed across the Kara Sea. The main concentrations were found on the border with the Barents Sea in the St. Anna Trough (up to 860 ind./m2), and relatively high concentrations of larvae were noted in the southwestern part, where their abundance at the stations varied from 18 to 302 ind./m2. In the zone of the Ob-Yenisei plume, crab larvae were absent or their abundance was minimal. Using molecular genetic methods, the species identity of 361 larvae (344 C. opilio and 17 H. araneus) was reliably determined, and measurements of a number of morphological structures were made for 401 larvae. Significant differences in size at the zoea stage II between C. opilio and H. araneus were established. In most of the Kara Sea in July 2019, in zooplankton samples, crab larvae were represented by zoea I C. opilio with rare specimens of zoea I H. araneus of the Kara Sea origin. Only in the southwestern part, on the border with the Barents Sea, the presence of zoea II C. opilio and H. araneus was observed in samples with an increase in the proportion of the latter species in catches, which probably originate from the Barents Sea.

作者简介

E. Lipukhin

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: lipukhin.e@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

A. Zalota

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: lipukhin.e@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

A. Mishin

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: lipukhin.e@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

U. Simakova

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: lipukhin.e@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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