Sources of fresh water components in seawaters of Western part of the Bering Sea according to isotope (δ18О, δD) data

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Abstract

The estimates of isotope parameters and sources of fresh water components for subsurface, intermediate, and deep waters of Western part of the Bering Sea were carried out using the isotope (δ18О, δD) data for 177 seawater samples. We show that subsurface, dichothermal and, partially, intermediate waters (< 1000 м) are freshened by the regional atmospheric precipitations. For these waters the next equations of relations between delta values and salinity were obtained:

δ18О = [0.39 ± 0.02]S – 13.52 ± 0.61 and δD = [3.1 ± 0.1]S – 107.0 ± 2.7.

A deeper (1000–2500 m) waters also freshened by atmospheric precipitations, but from the more south region (≈ 40–45 S). The deepest waters (2800–4300 m) are preserving their isotope signal obtained by freshening with meltwaters of Antarctic glacier ice. The distribution of isotope parameters with the depth shows that the vertical mixing at the ≈1000–2500 m depth take place. This process should influent on the re-distribution of the biogenic elements, dissolved oxygen, organic matter, and other components in waters of the Western part of the Bering Sea. Isotope composition of waters passing into the Arctic Ocean halocline (S = 33.1) from the Bering Sea are δ18О = –0.61‰, and δD = –5.4‰.

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About the authors

Е. О. Dubinina

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: elenadelta@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

S. А. Коssova

Shirshov Institute оf Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: elenadelta@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

А. А. Osadchiev

Shirshov Institute оf Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: elenadelta@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

Yu. N. Chizhova

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: elenadelta@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

А. S. Аvdeenko

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: elenadelta@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Location of stations where water samples were collected in the western part of the Bering Sea during the 82nd cruise of the R/V ‘Akademik Lavrentiev’ (June-July 2018). Areas: 1 - POL, 2 - KOM. Currents - according to [22, 30, 33, 43, 59].

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3. Fig. 2. TS-diagrams constructed for water samples collected in the areas of COM (a) and POL (b). Water designations: BsSW - subsurface; DtW - dichothermal; MtW - mesothermal; BSSWt, b - intermediate upper and lower, BSDW - deep waters of the Bering Sea.

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4. Fig. 3. Vertical distribution of salinity (a), oxygen isotope composition (b) and hydrogen isotope composition (c) of the waters of the western part of the Bering Sea.

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5. Fig. 4. Distribution of δ18O and δD values as a function of salinity: a - the whole range of salinity values; b - the salinity region corresponding to dichothermal waters. Water designations: BsSW - subsurface; DtW - dichothermal; MtW - mesothermal; BSSWt, b - intermediate upper and lower, BSDW - deep waters of the Bering Sea. Circles - δ18O values, rhombuses - δD values.

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6. Fig. 5. Comparison of thermohaline characteristics of intermediate and deep waters of the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. Water designations - see text.

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7. Fig. 6. Isotopic characteristics of intermediate and deep waters of the western part of the Bering Sea. Water designations: MtW - mesothermal; BSSWt, b - intermediate upper and lower, BSDW - deep waters of the Bering Sea.

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8. Fig. 7. Systematics of isotopic parameters of freshwater components (PCs) present in the waters of the western Bering Sea at different depths (see text and Table 1). Data for atmospheric precipitation (AP) of the region are given according to [62]. LMW - Craig meteoric water line [20].

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