Determination of the Nature of Hydrocarbons in the Barents Sea (Verification of Remote Sensing Data)

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Abstract

Based on remote sensing data on the distribution of oil spills obtained using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery of the Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B satellites in 2016–2022 and the results of the analysis of aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bottom sediments taken in 2019–2022, the nature of oil slicks in various areas of the Barents Sea has been established. It is shown that the distribution of oil slicks in coastal areas is greatly influenced by anthropogenic hydrocarbon inflow (mainly from shipping and fishing), which is confirmed by elevated AHC concentrations in coastal sediments (up to 73 μg/g) and in the composition of Corg (up to 3.6%). In the central and northern regions of the Barents Sea (station 7105, in the coordinates 75.2–75.3 N, 31.5–31.8 E), the grouping of oil slicks is due to natural seepage of oil and gas. This is confirmed by the anomalous concentration of PAHs in the lower horizons of the obtained sediment column, and their composition (the dominance of 2-methylnaphthalene, a marker of their oil genesis). At the same time, the proportion of light homologues in the composition of alkanes increased, which may indicate their formation in the sedimentary sequence.

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About the authors

I. A. Nemirovskaya

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: nemir44@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. Yu. Ivanov

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ivanoff@ocean.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Summary map of oil pollution of all types (highlighted in black) detected in the Barents Sea during monitoring in 2015-2021 according to satellite radar data (solid line - border between the Norwegian and Barents Seas, dotted line - between Norway and the Russian Federation)

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3. Fig. 2. Composition of alkanes in bottom sediments of the Murmansk shelf (1, 2) and Teriberka area (3, 4)

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4. Fig. 3. Spatial and temporal grouping of slicks-slicks on the sea surface detected in the vicinity of station 7105 (84th cruise of the R/V “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh”); white dots show the most probable locations of oil outlets on the sea surface

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5. Fig. 4. Distribution of Corg (a), AHU (b) and PAH (c) in the upper layer of bottom sediments at station 7105

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6. Fig. 5. Composition of alkanes in the bottom sediment core thickness at station 7105. The insets show the distribution of the main markers in their composition

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7. Fig. 6. Composition of PAHs in the bottom sediment core at station 7105 at different horizons

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