Vol 74, No 4 (2019)

This paper analyzes the main ideas of the formation of celestial bodies in accretion and protoplanetary disks. Mechanisms of the radial and orbital migration of celestial bodies are considered. According to the results of modeling, the formation of small bodies of the Solar System and the growth in their size and mass occurs at stable libration points of orbital resonances. The appearance of a single embryo in protoplanetary rings is explained by of the action of the 1/1 orbital resonance mechanism. Using a model of wave perturbations of the dust shells of protostars and a model of orbital resonance, a general model of the formation and growth of “embryos” of planets for disks with masses less than 0.1M_S was constructed.

An analytical expression is obtained for the dipole moment field at an arbitrary point of the surrounding space of a molecule. It allows the inducting dipole moments of molecules to be evaluated in case of a three-molecule nanocluster, where one of constituent molecules possesses a permanent dipole moment. The results can be generalized for nanoclusters consisting of more than three molecules.

The motion of an electron in an experiment similar to that of Witteborn–Fairbank is discussed. It is demonstrated that the gravitational force acting on an electron is not compensated by the Barnhill–Schiff force and the acceleration acquired by it in the gravitational field of the Earth is proportional to the ratio of its passive gravitational mass to the inertial mass only if this electron is weakly relativistic or relativistic. Therefore, experiments with relativistic or weakly relativistic electrons are needed in order to measure this ratio.

Polarized response functions for beam and target polarization in the elastic electron-deuteron scattering process are investigated. We report numerical results for all the non-vanishing polarized response functions as functions of the four-momentum transfer square Q². The sensitivity of the predicted results to the nucleon form factors is investigated. For the neutron and proton form factors, the standard dipole fit, the modified dipole fit 1, the modified dipole fit 2, and the relativistic harmonic oscillator model are used. In addition, the dependence of the results on the deuteron wave functions obtained from different modern N N potentials is studied. For this purpose, the realistic and high-precision Argonne υ18, chiral N³LO, Nijmegen-I, and CD-Bonn N N potentials are used. We found that all the non-vanishing polarized response functions are sensitive to the choices of nucleon form factors, whereas they are slightly dependent on the N N potential model adopted for the deuteron wave function. The results for all polarized response functions using the relativistic harmonic oscillator model for the nucleon form factors are found to be very small in comparison to the results of other models.

The photoluminescence of two types of heterostructural silicon solar cells with different passivation of crystalline silicon layer was studied. The contributions of various processes to the photoluminescence are revealed by measuring the photoluminescence at low temperatures. It is shown that the dopant concentration in crystalline silicon for solar cells based on an amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon heterojunction can be estimated from photoluminescence spectra. The correlation between the photoluminescence kinetics of heterostructural silicon solar cells and the photoconversion efficiency is established. An effective method to determine the quality of surface doping in crystalline silicon solar cells based on an amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon heterojunction is proposed.

The interference of two dispersed laser speckle-fields with a great spectrum width has been studied by numerical modeling. Local small-scale perturbations of interference fringes with an abrupt drop of contrast in the interference picture have been revealed. It has been shown that these perturbations occur in the region of a large phase gradient and a small module of the mutual coherence function of coinciding interfering fields. The analytical description of small-scale perturbations is given, and the probability of their appearance is estimated.

The result of investigation with the self-learning kinetic Monte Carlo method of processes, occurring during the formation of the Pt/Cu(111) surface alloy, is presented. A model is proposed that takes into account the jumps of dimers during the formation of a heterogeneous alloy on the (111) surface. The role of the diffusion of dimers at the temperature close to room temperature is investigated. The relative number of dimer jumps is calculated for the most significant stages of the Pt/Cu(111) alloy formation.

Blood platelets play a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis. In the present work, a mathematical model of adhesive interaction between a non-activated platelet and an adhesive substrate is proposed. The cell is represented as a solid non-deformable ellipsoid on the surface of which adhesion receptor proteins are evenly distributed. A plane uniformly coated with an adhesive ligand, collagen or von Willebrand factor, is considered an adhesive substrate. The platelet is attached to the plane by the formation of elastic ligand-receptor bonds. The motion of the platelet with constant velocity directed perpendicular to the surface and under the action of a constant force also directed perpendicular to the surface is considered. The influence of the platelet shape on the adhesion force is demonstrated. In the case of motion under a constant force, the threshold forces were obtained that determine two possible states: the separation of a platelet or its retention at the surface.

This paper discusses the form of energy called the brane tension λ that can effect in the reheating phase after inflation. In this regard, we study an inflationary model with a tree level potential in the framework of braneworld Randall-Sundrum type II model to investigate the reheating epoch. We have computed and discussed the reheating temperature of the universe following inflation for several choices parameters of the scalar potential parameters. And we have found that the reheating temperature an upper limit that lies in the range 10⁹–10¹⁰ GeV.

Specific features of phase velocities of sea waves due to the angular distribution of wave energy and the second harmonic of a dominant wave with a velocity differing from the phase velocity of a free wave at the same frequency have been analyzed. The presence of wave components with different velocity projections on a given direction or different propagation velocities leads to a deviation in the estimates of phase velocities from the values resulting from a variance relationship for gravitational waves in deep water. It has been shown that the phase spectrum in field of sea waves varies nonlinearly with increasing distance between the relevant points. As a consequence, the estimates for phase velocity are functions of distance. The deviations of the estimates for phase velocity from the linear theory have been shown to depend on the stage of wave field development.

The agreement identifier with the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation should read RFMEFI582 17X0011.