Development, Synthesis, and Study of Nanomaterials of Titania Doped by Zirconium for Selective Hydrogenation of 2-Methyl-3-Butyn-2-ol in a Microcapillary Reactor

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An ordered mesoporous titanium–zirconium Ti_xZr_1–xO₂ matrix for introducing catalytic nanoparticles was synthesized by self-assembly using titanium isopropoxide and zirconium oxychloride as precursors and amphiphilic triblock copolymer F127 as a template. The process of self-assembly occurs without the addition of an acid to preserve the morphology and structure of the catalytic nanoparticles. When controlling the initial molar ratios of the copolymer to metal precursors, titanium–zirconium nanocomposites with controlled texture and composition were obtained in a wide range of titania content, from 15 to 80 mol % TiO₂. The structural and phase properties of the composites were studied by X-ray diffraction, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, and transmission electron microscopy. Composites have an ordered mesoporous structure, a high specific surface area, a large pore volume, and a uniform pore size distribution. Catalytic coatings of 1 wt % Pd–Zn/Ti_xZr_1–xO₂ (x = 1.0, 0.8, 0.5) on the inner surface of a capillary reactor were prepared by the dip-coating method using a colloidal solution of Pd–Zn nanoparticles. The developed catalytic coatings based on titanium–zirconium composites exhibit high activity and selectivity (> 96%) in the hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol.