Drip irrigation of vegetable crops

The shortage of freshwater resources is a global problem, which is aggravated by the world's population growth and climate change caused by global warming. Despite the significant reserves of water resources that Russia has, a number of regions of the country are experiencing a deficit. Uneven distribution of runoff and precipitation by seasons of the year, as well as from year to year, is especially noticeable in arid regions of the country. To solve this problem, the vegetable sector of water consumption has adopted a number of measures called drip irrigation schemes. In Russia, drip irrigation equipment is mainly used for commercial crops such as fruit and vegetable crops. The main goals of drip irrigation are to reduce water deficit near the root zone, reduce evaporation and reduce water consumption. The scope of application of drip irrigation is becoming wider. The effects of drip irrigation technology on plant growth and development, quality, yield, and water use efficiency are summarized. An overview of drip irrigation technology on root development and nitrogen uptake in vegetable crops is presented. Drip irrigation technology is effective in improving vegetable crop growth, increasing water use efficiency, and reducing water stress, as well as reducing fertilizer leaching and soil salinity, making it an ideal solution to address the global shortage of freshwater. Despite the numerous advantages of drip irrigation technology, high initial installation and maintenance costs, variable water quality, limited technical knowledge and implementation support, and institutional barriers such as water management policies and regulations have limited its widespread adoption in vegetable production.

капельное орошение, овощные культуры, урожайность, качество, продуктивность воды