Breeding of potato varieties for processing into finished products during long-term storage

One of the innovative solutions for the development of the potato industry is the creation of varieties suitable for processing into various potato products under conditions of prolonged cold storage and not accumulating reducing sugars. The aim of the work is to search for and select initial donor cultivars that do not require reconditioning for inclusion in various types of crossing and identification in hybrid offspring of genotypes suitable for processing after cold storage. In 2021-2024, over 50 varieties and hybrids of domestic and foreign breeding were evaluated for their suitability for processing into crisp potatoes by coloring the slices after 3 and 5 months of storage at a temperature of 3–5 °С in a climate-controlled storage and 8–10 °С in a refrigerated the camera. The selected 10 and 21 cultivars with the color of crispy slices at the level of 8-9 and 6-7 points, respectively, after 3 months, 6 and 12 cultivars and hybrids of similar fitness classes after 5 months cold storage were used for subsequent involvement in various types of crossing and obtaining hybrid populations, taking into account their level of suitability and fertility in optimal conditions of spring and summer greenhouses. To identify recyclable genotypes that are neutral to cold storage and determine the effectiveness of the studied types of crossing in field nurseries, hybrids of the first tuberous generation of 25 populations with different levels of manifestation of a complex of economically useful traits were evaluated. It has been established that for the successful implementation of this direction of potato variety breeding, it is necessary to crossbreed parents with a high degree of manifestation of this trait after long-term storage at a temperature of 3–5 °С.

картофель, селекция, пригодность к переработке, холодное хранение, рекондиционирование, качество хрустящих ломтиков