An electromechanical x-ray optical element based on a hysteresis-free monolithic bimorph crystal

Abstract

A hysteresis-free electrically controlled X-ray optical element based on a monolithic bi-domain bimorphic piezoelectric actuator that is made of lithium niobate crystal was proposed and successfully tested in practice. This element is used for electronically controlled adjustment of the angular position of an X-ray optical monochromator in a range of up to 200″ and is characterized by a high relative linearity (up to 98%), repeatability (the repeatability error is no more than 2%), and low control voltages (up to 100 V). The hysteresis- free behavior of the dependence of the angular position of the element on the control element, which demonstrates the high efficiency of the hysteresis-free monolithic bimorphic piezoactuators as controlled elements of X-ray optics, is shown.