60-Year Cycle in the Earth’s Climate and Dynamics of Correlation Links between Solar Activity and Circulation of the Lower Atmosphere

Abstract

Possible causes of the ~60-year periodicity observed in climatic characteristics and the evolution of long-term correlation links between the circulation of the lower atmosphere and phenomena caused by solar activity are explored in this paper. It is shown that the character of solar activity and galactic cosmic ray variation effects on the intensity of cyclonic processes at extratropical latitudes depends on epochs of the large-scale atmospheric circulation, which may be associated with the state of the stratospheric polar vortex. Global temperature variations associated with long-term oscillations of total solar irradiance are supposed to be a possible cause of changes in the state of the vortex and corresponding transformations of the large-scale circulation.