Rift basins of the late phanerozoic of Africa: regional patterns and conceptual development aspects
- Authors: Usova V.M.1
-
Affiliations:
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
- Issue: Vol 66, No 3 (2024)
- Pages: 58-68
- Section: GEOLOGY
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0016-7762/article/view/351044
- ID: 351044
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Abstract
Background. This work substantiates the dependence of the development modes of rift basins of the Late Phanerozoic of Afro-Arabia on the size and age of the Lower crust structures (granulite belts) in which they were laid. The author proposes a model to correlate the rifting process with the centers of evolution and regeneration of the African superplume and the spread of heated superdeep material from these centers through the channels of granulite belts. Aim. To clarify the signs and causes of the final differentiation of rift basins into the tectonic types of incomplete and completed development, as well as the tectonic prerequisites for the migration of rift formation from south to north and from west to east. Materials and methods. The study was based on a review of scientific publications, mainly by foreign authors, on the geology of rift basins and crustal complexes. A comparative analysis of geological and geophysical data related to rift basins of different tectonic types was conducted. Results. The following patterns of rift basin development were identified. (1) The final tectonic differentiation of basins and their sedimentation structures of the African granulite belts along which the basins were laid. (2) Rifting migrated from south to north and from west to east from younger granulite belts to older belts with a distance from the evolution centers of the African superplume. In this regime, the magmatic basins of completed development were replaced by amagmatic basins of both tectonic types. (3) The migration of rifting from the end of the Paleozoic in the south and the Triassic in the west to the Late Cenozoic between Africa and Arabia was accompanied by a reduction in time intervals and an increase in the rate of deflection of the basins created by this process. Conclusion. For the first time in Afro-Arabia, the spatial and temporal dependence of rifting on the size and age of the pan-African granulite belts, along which it occurred, and their location relative to the centers of the African superplume was substantiated.
About the authors
V. M. Usova
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
Email: usova-vm@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0023-5913
SPIN-code: 1276-3570
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