Experimental Study of the Stability and Synthesis of the Tourmaline Supergroup Minerals

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Abstract—Tourmaline is one of the widest spread minerals in nature and one of the most popular gems and a promising piezoelectric material. The growth of large crystals is today a topical task. Tourmaline monocrystals are difficult to synthesize owing to its complex chemical composition, the high chemical stability in hydrothermal solutions, and the low growth rate. The paper reviews recent data on the tourmaline synthesis and the results obtained at the Institute of Experimental Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences.