АССОЦИАЦИИ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗОФОРМ APOE С ДОЛГОЛЕТИЕМ И РИСКОМ СМЕРТНОСТИ В ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИХ ПОПУЛЯЦИЯХ
- Авторы: Абрамова М.Н.1, Петрова В.М.1, Андреева Т.В.1,2, Адрианова И.Ю.2, Кунижева С.С.1,2, Рогаев Е.И.1,3
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Учреждения:
- Центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”
- Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук
- Медицинская школа Чан Массачусетского университета, департамент психиатрии
- Выпуск: Том 61, № 9 (2025)
- Страницы: 23-39
- Раздел: ОБЗОРНЫЕ И ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СТАТЬИ
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0016-6758/article/view/353925
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S3034510325090027
- ID: 353925
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Аннотация
Влияние наследственных факторов на продолжительность жизни до 60 лет является незначительным, но возрастает в более пожилом возрасте. Выявление связи генетических вариантов с ожидаемой продолжительностью жизни и предрасположенностью к возрастным заболеваниям необходимо в контексте генетической гетерогенности популяций людей, проживающих в различных условиях среды. В этом отношении особый интерес представляет ген аполипопротеина Е (APOE). В данном обзоре анализируются роль различных аллелей/генотипов APOE в достижении определенного возраста и их ассоциация с долголетием в популяциях человека. Аллель ε4 является строго установленным генетическим фактором риска болезни Альцгеймера (БА) в популяциях Евразийского происхождения, и в большинстве групп долгожителей его частота значимо снижена по сравнению с общепопуляционной. Более редкий аллель ε2 ассоциирован со сниженным риском развития БА и с долголетием и в большинстве групп долгожителей он встречается чаще, чем у здоровых людей среднего возраста. Интересно определить, является ли различная представленность аллелей APOE у долгожителей, по сравнению с общепопуляционной, зависимой или независимой от эффекта APOE на риск БА или других заболеваний; какова роль APOE генотипа в достижении позднего возраста в африканских популяциях, проживающих в иных условиях и у которых строгая ассоциация аллеля ε4 с БА не выявлена. Рассматриваются вопросы: с какого биологического возраста аллели ε4 и ε2 значимо влияют на риск смертности, роль генетических факторов, оказывающих негативное или позитивное влияние на проявление ε4 аллеля и связанную с этим продолжительность жизни.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
М. Н. Абрамова
Центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: abramova.mn@talantiuspeh.ru
Краснодарский край, пгт. Сириус, 354340 Россия
В. М. Петрова
Центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”
Email: abramova.mn@talantiuspeh.ru
Краснодарский край, пгт. Сириус, 354340 Россия
Т. В. Андреева
Центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук
Email: abramova.mn@talantiuspeh.ru
Краснодарский край, пгт. Сириус, 354340 Россия; Москва, 119991 Россия
И. Ю. Адрианова
Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук
Email: abramova.mn@talantiuspeh.ru
Москва, 119991 Россия
С. С. Кунижева
Центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук
Email: abramova.mn@talantiuspeh.ru
Краснодарский край, пгт. Сириус, 354340 Россия; Москва, 119991 Россия
Е. И. Рогаев
Центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”; Медицинская школа Чан Массачусетского университета, департамент психиатрии
Email: abramova.mn@talantiuspeh.ru
Краснодарский край, пгт. Сириус, 354340 Россия; Шрусбери, 01545 США
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