Performance Study of High-Temperature Foaming Agents for Improved Steam Flooding


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Performance studies of foaming agents in terms of thermal endurance, foaminess, foam stability, and structural and morphological robustness are carried out to investigate the mechanism of steam overlay and channeling that arise during steam flooding of heavy-oil reservoirs. The results show that agent CX-4 possesses excellent thermal endurance, foaminess, and foam stability. High temperatures did not affect the foaming-agent structure although the foam hexagonal structure weakened. The absorbed films of foam bubbles have centered ring structures intertwined with each other and overlapped significantly. The spatial distribution and three-dimensional foam structure become slightly worse. The foaming agent consists mainly of the four elements S, C, Na, and O. High-temperature treatment did not affect the elemental composition and molecular structure.

Sobre autores

Fa-Jun Zhao

Key Laboratory of Oil Recovery Enhance of Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: fajzhao@126.com
República Popular da China, Daqing

Yong-Jian Liu

Key Laboratory of Oil Recovery Enhance of Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University

Email: fajzhao@126.com
República Popular da China, Daqing

Yun-Long Wang

Key Laboratory of Oil Recovery Enhance of Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University

Email: fajzhao@126.com
República Popular da China, Daqing

Hao-liang Liu

Key Laboratory of Oil Recovery Enhance of Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University

Email: fajzhao@126.com
República Popular da China, Daqing

Hai-cheng Ma

Key Laboratory of Oil Recovery Enhance of Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University

Email: fajzhao@126.com
República Popular da China, Daqing

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