Microorganisms in the Elimination of Oil Pollution Consequences (Review)

Abstract

The data on the effect of oil and oil products on soil, soil microbiocenosis, and plant cover are summarized. Reclamation and its stages and the bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils with the use of biological products are described. The article discusses some techniques to accelerate hydrocarbon biodegradation in the soil environment, such as the use of biosurfactants and their microorganisms; the introduction of polyfunctional bacteria that are capable of pollutant destruction and diazotrophy; the introduction of psychrotolerant microorganisms under cold climate conditions; and the use of microbial-plant complexes.