先天性漏斗胸患者的外呼吸功能

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论证。漏斗胸是最常见的胸廓先天性发育畸形。目前,学界尚未就该类畸形是否会影响肺的正常生长形成一致意见。

目的。评估漏斗胸临床表现起始年龄对肺功能的影响。

方法。对38例先天性漏斗胸患者在行D. Nuss胸廓成形术前及固定胸廓钢板取出前的外呼吸功能进行了比较分析。纳入标准:胸廓畸形为先天性;Haller指数大于3.25;压缩指数小于0.89;实施D. Nuss胸廓成形术时年龄为9–15岁。排除标准:脊柱侧弯畸形超过Ⅲ度;合并先天性心脏病;胸廓畸形复发;已确诊的遗传性或系统性疾病;患者或其法定监护人拒绝参与研究。根据年龄将患者分为两组。第一组包括9–11岁的漏斗胸患者,均在研究期间接受检查及手术治疗。第二组通过分层抽样法选取19例12–15岁漏斗胸患者。

结果。在胸廓成形术前,第二组患者的肺活量低于第一组(p=0.037);第一秒用力呼气量与用力肺活量之比在第二组亦较低(p=0.079),用力呼气25%–75%肺活量区间的平均呼气流速同样低于第一组(p=0.027)。在固定胸廓钢板取出前,两组患者的外呼吸功能参数之间未发现统计学显著差异。 此外,在第一组和第二组中,胸廓成形术前与钢板取出前的外呼吸功能参数比较均显示出统计学显著差异。

结论。不同年龄组漏斗胸患者在行胸廓成形术前,其外呼吸功能参数存在统计学显著差异,这使得可以推测:在未进行外科干预的情况下,肺功能可能随年龄增长而发生下降。然而,该推断仍需通过自儿童期随访至青少年期的长期前瞻性研究加以证实。

作者简介

Alina Khodorovskaya

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: alinamyh@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2772-6747
SPIN 代码: 3348-8038

MD

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Dmitry Ryzhikov

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: dryjikov@yahoo.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7824-7412
SPIN 代码: 7983-4270

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Bahauddin Dolgiev

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: dr-b@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2184-5304
SPIN 代码: 2348-4418

MD

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

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