Orthopedic management of cerebral palsy: past, present, and future

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Cerebral palsy is a neurological disease accompanied by orthopedic complications. To date, orthopedic treatment of cerebral palsy remains one of the basic approaches. Knowledge of history is the key to understanding the present and a bridge to the future. It gives us insight into the evolution of understanding of the problem, views on the possibilities of treatment, and personalized approach to the patient. The article describes the evolution of knowledge and approaches of treatment to children with cerebral palsy from ancient times to the present day. The main milestones of the neuro-orthopedic approach to diagnosis and treatment are reflected. In improving the surgical treatment of children with cerebral palsy, it is necessary to rely on a multidisciplinary approach, early detection of orthopedic pathology, personalization, taking into account the psychological and social effect of surgical treatment, and development and improvement of surgical techniques.

The lecture was presented at a scientific conference with international participation “Correction of motor disorders in the complex of medical habilitation of children with cerebral palsy.” Saint Petersburg, November 20–21, 2019.

作者简介

Alexey Baindurashvili

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: turner011@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8123-6944
SPIN 代码: 2153-9050
Scopus 作者 ID: 6603212551

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Member of RAS, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Vladimir Kenis

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: kenis@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7651-8485
SPIN 代码: 5597-8832
Scopus 作者 ID: 36191914200
Researcher ID: K-8112-2013

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

参考

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2. Fig. 1. The mummy of Pharaoh Septah (an ancient Egyptian pharaoh from the 19th dynasty, who ruled in approximately 1194–1188 BC) revealing the oldest finding of a neurogenic deformity of the foot

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3. Fig. 2. A fragment of the painting “Cripples” by Pieter Bruegel, depicting a crippled young man, allegedly suffering from CP

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4. Fig. 3. Portrait of W.J. Little, who first described the orthopedic consequences of perinatal pathology

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5. Fig. 4. Illustration from W.J. Little’s book On the Influence of Abnormal Parturition, Difficult Labors, Premature Birth, and Asphyxia Neonatorum, on the Mental and Physical Condition of the Child, Especially in Relation to Deformities, illustrating a typical case of a patient with a disease that was later named in his honor

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6. Fig. 5. Sigmund Freud studied and systematized the issues of thiopathogenesis of cerebral palsy

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7. Fig. 6. Adolf Lorenz, the founder of modern European pediatric orthopedics, was the first to perform a resection of the obturator nerve branches to treat spasticity

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8. Fig. 7. Ottfried Förster pioneered dorsal rhizotomy for the treatment of spasticity

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9. Fig. 8. Winthrop Phelps, one of the founders of a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of cerebral palsy

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10. Fig. 9. Irina Iosifovna Mirzoeva, Ksenia Aleksandrovna Semenova, and Alexander Fedorovich Krasnov are the founders of the leading national schools for the study and treatment of cerebral palsy

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