Temporomandibular joint dysfunction due to benign joint hypermobility syndrome

Aim. To mark out the main features of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with benign joint hypermobility syndrome. Methods. 90 patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction were examined. The first group included 53 (58.89%) patients with benign joint hypermobility syndrome, the second group - 37 patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction without any signs of benign joint hypermobility syndrome. Functional joint examination including clinical examination, examination of jaw diagnostic models in articulators, X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging, was performed. The diagnosis of benign joint hypermobility syndrome was set up by clinical findings according to national recommendations of Russian Society of Cardiology. Results. Two main trends were found in patients with benign joint hypermobility syndrome. Joint hypermobility was present in 27 (50.94%) out of 53 patients aged 30 years and older. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in those patients was quite severe, associated with pain and limited range of mandibular movement. In 49.06% of cases in patients with benign joint hypermobility syndrome aged younger than 30 years, bone symptoms were present. Those patients were complaining of joint noises. In 38.46% of cases, gothic palate or frontal teeth crowding were observed. According to magnetic resonance imaging, there was a condylar processes asymmetry at occlusion in 41 (77.36%) patients with benign joint hypermobility syndrome. Conclusion. Clinical and morphologic signs of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with benign joint hypermobility syndrome are associated with predisposed changes in temporomandibular joint capsule and ligaments. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is a typical and regular feature of benign joint hypermobility syndrome.

temporomandibular joint dysfunction, benign joint hypermobility syndrome, occlusion, temporomandibular joint X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging