Vol 5, No 2 (2007)
- Year: 2007
- Articles: 6
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/ecolgenet/issue/view/293
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen52
Articles
YU. A. PHILIPTSCHENKO - SCIENTIST, PEDAGOGUE, AND MANAGER OF SCIENCE
Abstract
Yu.A. Philiptschenko (1882-1930) founded 1919 the first Department of Genetics in our country. 1912 he defended his master's dissertation in zoology and shifted to genetics. Sep- tember 18, 1913 docent Philiptschenko started the first in Russia course of Genetics ("Doctrine of genetics and evolution"), 1915 he issued the first his book "Variability and evolution", 1917 - "Inheritance". 1929 a textbook "Genetics" was created on their basis. 1921 he organized at KEPS "Eugenics bureau", which be- came "Genetics laboratory of Academy of Sciences of the USSR. His scientific interests embraced: genetics of qualitative and quan- titative traits, including inheritance of mental abilities in humans, eugenics, evolutionary genetics. He offered the terms: "micro- evolution" and "macroevolution". Yu.A. Philiptschenko created a large scientific school.
Ecological genetics. 2007;5(2):3-11
3-11
HOW DOES THE HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER IN BACTERIA OCCUR AND THAN IS IT TIED UP
Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer as well as mutations, ge- nomic reorganization and gene loss is one of major driving forces of speciation and evolution of bacteria. A notion of definition of "species genome" is presented. The role of various types of mobile elements in distant gene transfer is considered. The nature of barriers for suc- cessful gene transfer on the level of molecular, cell and population processes is uncovered. A special attention is paid to the contribution of different systems of recombination. Hypothesis on the decisive role of horizontal gene transfer in genetic and ecological diversification of bacteria is discussed.
Ecological genetics. 2007;5(2):12-24
12-24
VARIABILITY OF PRONOTUM PATTERNS IN LADYBIRD BEETLE HARMONIA AXYRIDIS PALLAS (COLEOPTERA, COCCINELLIDAE)
Abstract
The polymorphism of pronotum patterns in ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis was studied, 14 phenotypes of this character were identified for the first time. The contingency of pronotum variability with elytral patterns were investigated. For the first time the sexual dimorphism for pronotum patterns was revealed, and its peculiarity was analyzed. The analysis of geographic variability of pronotum patterns confirms the hypothesis for existence of two subspecies in H. axyridis.
Ecological genetics. 2007;5(2):25-36
25-36
CHEMOSIGNALING IN CBA AND C57BL/6 MOUSE STRAINS IS MODIFIED BY STRESS
Abstract
Chemosignaling is widespread among animals as tool for regulation of synecological interactions. Evolutional conservatism of such signaling allows us to suggest that same chemosignals play an important role in different animal species including human beings. Aversion/attraction of mouse pheromone 2,5- dimethylpyrazine (2,5-DMP) and 2,3-dimethylpyrazine (2,3-DMP) for CBA and C57BL/6 mice was studied in T-maze. It is shown that intact males and females of both strains under choice condition prefer 2,3-DMP to water and 2,5-DMP. They also prefer water to 2,5-DMP Stress after swimming modifies behavior in T-maze: all preferences disappear in C57BL/6 males and remain without changes in CBA males. Importance of behavioral changes obtained here under stress condition is discussed. Detailed studies of the preference modulation with recently shown other effects of 2,5-DMP could connect specific sensitivity to chemosignals with the pheromone, stress and genotype.
Ecological genetics. 2007;5(2):37-43
37-43
INTERACTION OF RECOMBINANT TATA-BINDING PROTEIN WITH MAMMALS GENES PROMOTER TATA
Abstract
Quantitative characteristics of interaction recombinant TATA-binding protein (TBP) with oligonucleotides identical to natural TATA-containing promoter region genes of mammals are received. In particular, new experimental data about the importance guanine in 8-th position of the TATA-element for affinity to TBP are received. The experimental data, testifying that raised maintenance G and С nucleotides in flanks of TATA-element does the contribution to affinity to TBP are received.
Ecological genetics. 2007;5(2):44-49
44-49
MICROSATELLITE POLYMORPHISM WITHIN TWO LAKE BAIKAL OILFISH SPECIES (COMEPHORUS LACEPEDE, 1801)
Abstract
Intraspecific genetic polymorphism of a Baikal Lake endemic, big Baikal oilfish (Comephorus baicalensis Pallas, 1776), was evaluated based on microsatellite analysis. The obtained results have compared to the results received earlier for a little Baikal oilfish (C. dybowski Korotneff, 1905). Six microsatellite loci designed for the European sculpin, Cottus gobio, were used. Big Baikal oilfish samples were tested from the three Baikal trenches (southern, middle, northern). Average values of FST and RSTindexes between the samples did not exceed 0,02 that point to weak intraspecific genetic differentiation. Big Baikal oilfish had the smaller allele variety, the greater deficit of heterozygotes and presence of low-molecular alleles in comparison with little Baikal oilfish. The values of genetic differentiation were equaled FST = 0,138 and RST = 0,244 for all loci between cumulative samples of little and big Baikal oilfish. Analysis of microsatellite polymorphism has showed that both a big and little Baikal oilfishes are represented by single populations. The factor promoting panmixia within the Baikal oilfish species is apparently a passive transfer of juvenile and adult fishes by water currents.
Ecological genetics. 2007;5(2):50-57
50-57