Treg Cells in Ischemic Stroke: A Small Key to a Great Orchestrion
- Authors: Zhukova O.A.1, Chudakova D.A.2, Belopasov V.V.3, Shirshova Е.V.1, Baklaushev V.P.1,2,4, Yusubalieva G.M.1,2,4
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Affiliations:
- Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies
- Astrakhan State Medical University
- Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russsian Federation
- Issue: Vol 14, No 3 (2023)
- Pages: 36-49
- Section: Reviews
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/clinpractice/article/view/253933
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/clinpract568210
- ID: 253933
Cite item
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a global medical problem and one of the leading causes of death or disability worldwide. The main approach of ischemic stroke therapy in the most acute period, which can prevent or minimize the development of a neurological deficit, is the restoration of the blood flow in the ischemic brain tissue using enzymatic thrombolysis or endovascular thromboextraction. When the therapeutic window is missed, the modulation of the acute inflammatory response may play an important role in determining the fate of neurons in the penumbra. The key players in this process are T-regulatory cells (Tregs) — an immunosuppressive population of CD4+ T-cells with the CD4+, CD25+ CD127low, FoxP3+ phenotype. Despite the existing reports that Tregs (or certain Treg subpopulations) can exacerbate microcirculatory disorders in the ischemic tissue, many stadies convincingly suggest the positive role of Tregs in ischemic stroke. Resident CD69+ Tregs found in the normal mammalian brain have neuroprotective activity, produce IL-10 and other anti-inflammatory cytokines, control astrogliosis, and downregulate cytotoxic subpopulations of T cells and microglia. Systemic administration of Treg in stroke is accompained by a decrease in the volume of cerebral infarction and decreased levels of secondary neuronal death. Thus, the methods allowing Treg activation and expansion ex vivo open up several new avenues for the immunocorrection not only in systemic and autoimmune diseases, but, potentially, in the neuroprotective therapy for ischemic stroke. The relationship between Treg, inflammation, and cerebrovascular pathology is of particular interest in the case of ischemic stroke and COVID-19 as a comorbidity. It has been demonstrated that systemic inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a significant suppression of Treg, which is accompanied by an increased risk for the development of ischemic stroke and other neurological complications. Overall, the information summarized herein about the possible therapeutic potential of Treg in cerebrovascular pathology may be of practical interest not only for researchers, but also for clinicians.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Oksana A. Zhukova
Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency
Author for correspondence.
Email: Oksana.saprikina82@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0907-0078
Research Associate
Russian Federation, MoscowDaria A. Chudakova
Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies
Email: daria.chudakova.bio@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9354-6824
SPIN-code: 1410-9581
PhD, Senior Researcher
Russian Federation, MoscowVladimir V. Belopasov
Astrakhan State Medical University
Email: belopasov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0458-0703
SPIN-code: 6098-1321
MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
Russian Federation, AstrakhanЕlena V. Shirshova
Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency
Email: shirshova.ev@fnkc-fmba.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3557-5424
SPIN-code: 7491-0434
MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowVladimir P. Baklaushev
Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies; Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russsian Federation
Email: baklaushev.vp@fnkc-fmba.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1039-4245
SPIN-code: 3968-2971
MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; MoscowGaukhar M. Yusubalieva
Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies; Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russsian Federation
Email: gaukhar@gaukhar.org
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3056-4889
SPIN-code: 1559-5866
MD, PhD
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; MoscowReferences
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