State of the Russian Oncology Service: malignant neoplasms of the tongue C01, 02 (age-specific incidence rate, localization and histological structure) Part 1

Malignant tongue neoplasms (C01, 02) belong to the group of rare visual tumor localizations. Government statistics provides an opportunity to refer only to primary accounting data. Information on mortality is summarized in 14 ICD-10 (S00-14) headings – malignant neoplasm of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx. It is impossible to obtain any analytical characteristics (the distribution of patients by stages of the disease, mortality of patients in the first year of observation, accumulated patient population, etc.) at the all-Russian or regional level. This information can only be obtained from the databases created by the Population-based Cancer Registries (PCR).

The goal of the research is to study the prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the tongue, the detailed structure of the incidence, and to calculate a number of analytical indicators characterizing this disease at the population level of the Federal District, for the first time in Russia.

Based on the materials of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), statistical reference books of the P. Hertsen Moscow Oncological Research Institute, our own extensive materials and the newly created PCR database at the level of the Northwestern Federal District of Russia , the study of all possible aspects was carried out within the framework of the set goal of the research, with a set of methodological techniques recommended by the International Association of Cancer Registries (of which we are a member at number 221) being used.

The study has shown that tongue cancer morbidity rate of the population (standardized indicator – the world standard) in the various countries from 1970 to 2010 has slightly increased or maintained its level. In Russia, such an assessment can only be carried out from 1989 to 2018. During this period, the incidence of tongue cancer among males increased from 2.2 to 2.43 0/0000, among females from 0.4 to 0.71 0/0000. In the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, the incidence of males reached 2.69, females – 0.82 0/0000. The mortality rate of patients in the first year of observation (PCR database) decreased from m 59.5 (the year of 2000) to 43.1% (2018), but remains significantly above the EU average.