The creation of the BRICS Partnership for the Elimination of Socially Determined Diseases marks a pivotal step in positioning the social determinants of health at the forefront of global public policy and collective action. Socially determined diseases shaped by poverty, inequality, inadequate sanitation, and limited access to services, remain significant public health challenges across BRICS nations. Despite substantial progress in science, technology, and health system strengthening, global targets for disease elimination and reduction remain off track due to persistent financial gaps, fragmented programs, and insufficient multisectoral coordination. In this context, BRICS countries, representing nearly half of the world’s population, are uniquely positioned to drive transformative change by integrating health equity principles into national and international agendas. This manuscript describes the technical and political process that led to the formulation of the BRICS Partnership, culminating in its endorsement at the BRICS Leaders’ Meeting. The Partnership outlines five strategic objectives focused on strengthening resilient health systems, advancing intersectoral action, expanding research and innovation, securing sustainable financing, and aligning global positions to accelerate progress toward disease elimination. The initiative offers a comprehensive framework that addresses both disease-specific challenges and the broader structural drivers of inequity. The BRICS Partnership thus emerges as a global model of how collaboration, scientific advancement, multilateralism, and social justice can converge to accelerate the elimination, control, or reduction of socially determined diseases and promote a healthier, more equitable future.